| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| ln Vitro |
Gymnoside II (1-50 µM; 24 h) can alleviate the decrease in A549 cell viability induced by nm-level SiO2 without affecting normal cell proliferation [1]. Gymnoside II (25 μM; pretreatment 2 h + co-culture 24 h) can inhibit nm-level SiO2-induced apoptosis in A549 cells by restoring the expression of apoptotic proteins to normal and reducing the percentage of apoptotic cells [1]. Gymnoside II (25 µM; pretreatment 2 h + co-culture 24 h) can reduce nm-level SiO2-induced ROS generation in A549 cells [1]. Gymnoside II (25 µM; pretreatment 2 h + co-culture 24 h) can upregulate the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and γ-GCSc and activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway in A549 cells [1].
|
|---|---|
| Cell Assay |
Cell Viability Assay[1]
Cell Types: A549 cells Tested Concentrations: 1, 10, 25, 50 μM (with or without nm SiO₂) Incubation Duration: 24 h Experimental Results: Elevated the decreased cell viability induced by nm SiO₂ to a relative normal level. Did not affect normal A549 cell proliferation. Apoptosis Analysis[1] Cell Types: A549 cells Tested Concentrations: 25 μM (pretreated for 2 h, then co-cultured with nm SiO₂) Incubation Duration: 24 h (co-culture with nm SiO₂) Experimental Results: Reduced the apoptotic rate from 28.5% to 8.72% and reversed aberrant expression of pro-apoptotic (Bax, Cleaved-caspase 3) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) proteins. |
| References |
| Molecular Formula |
C21H30O11
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
458.46
|
| Exact Mass |
458.179
|
| CAS # |
899430-02-5
|
| PubChem CID |
11619501
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
11
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
32
|
| Complexity |
619
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
6
|
| SMILES |
CC(C)C[C@@](CC(=O)OCC1=CC=C(C=C1)O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)O)(C(=O)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
RNOMXPGTSFLPDO-XSEUIGDCSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H30O11/c1-11(2)7-21(29,20(27)28)8-15(23)30-10-12-3-5-13(6-4-12)31-19-18(26)17(25)16(24)14(9-22)32-19/h3-6,11,14,16-19,22,24-26,29H,7-10H2,1-2H3,(H,27,28)/t14-,16-,17+,18-,19-,21-/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(2R)-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-[2-oxo-2-[[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]methoxy]ethyl]pentanoic acid
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1812 mL | 10.9061 mL | 21.8122 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4362 mL | 2.1812 mL | 4.3624 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2181 mL | 1.0906 mL | 2.1812 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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