Oxyconazole (24 hours; 0-40 μM) suppresses the development of CRC cells [3]. Trichophyton, Aspergillus, and Candida are susceptible to the antifungal effects of oxyconazole [1]. Oxyconazole's antifungal activity [1]. Candida albicans Candida pneumonia Porphyromonas fumigatus Aspergillus flavus Mentagrophytes Trichophyton Rubrum Trichophyton oxyconazole A 0.03 μg/mL, a 0.01 μg/mL, and a 0.008 μg/mL, two μg/mL, two μg/mL, and two μg/mL

For 12 days, oxyconazole (50 mg/kg/day; IP) dramatically reduces the development of colorectal cancer cells [3].

Cell Proliferation Assay[3]
Cell Types: HCT116, SW480, RKO, DLD-1, SW620, LoVo and NCM460
Tested Concentrations: 0-40 μM
Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours)
Experimental Results: For HCT116, SW480, RKO, DLD -1, SW620, LoVo and NCM460 demonstrated inhibitory activity IC50 of 25.86 μM, 27.34 μM, 21.01 μM, 25.56 μM, 21.75 μM, 24.87 μM and 126.4 μM.

Animal/Disease Models: BALB/c nude mice (subcutaneous injection of HCT116 cells (1×107/mouse) [3]
Doses: 50 mg/kg/day
Route of Administration: IP; 12 days.
Experimental Results: Dramatically inhibited CRC cell growth, and No obvious side effects.

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Oxyconazole has a low systemic absorption rate.

Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Overview of use during lactation No studies have been conducted on topical oxiconazole during lactation. The risk to breastfed infants is low due to the absorption rate of less than 1% after topical application. [1] Avoid application to the nipple area and ensure that the infant's skin does not come into direct contact with the treated area. Water-soluble creams or gels should only be applied to the breast, as ointments may expose the infant to high concentrations of mineral oil through licking. [2] ◉ Effects on breastfed infants No published information was found as of the revision date. ◉ Effects on breastfeeding and breast milk No published information was found as of the revision date.

[1]. Synthesis, antifungal activity, and molecular modeling studies of new inverted oxime ethers of oxiconazole. J Med Chem. 2002 Oct 24;45(22):4903-12.

[2]. Azole antimycotics differentially affect rifampicin-induced pregnane X receptor-mediated CYP3A4 gene expression. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Feb;36(2):339-48.

[3]. Repurposing Oxiconazole against Colorectal Cancer via PRDX2-mediated Autophagy Arrest. Int J Biol Sci. 2022 May 21;18(9):3747-3761.

Oxiconazole is an oxime ether, a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl ether of an oxime obtained by the condensation of hydroxylamine with the carbonyl group of acetone, wherein the phenyl group is substituted with chlorine at the 2 and 4 positions, and one hydrogen atom of the methyl group is substituted with a 1H-imidazol-1-yl group. It is an antifungal agent, usually used in creams and powders as a nitrate for the topical treatment of fungal skin infections. It has anti-infective activity. It belongs to the imidazole, oxime ether, dichlorobenzene, imidazole antifungal drugs, and oxime-conazole antifungal drugs. It is the conjugate base of oximeconazole (1+). Oxiconazole is a common topical antifungal agent. It is marketed under the brand names Oxistat and Oxistat for the treatment of various skin infections such as tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis. Oxiconazole is an azole antifungal drug. Oxiconazole is a broad-spectrum imidazole derivative with antifungal activity. While its exact mechanism of action is not fully elucidated, like other azole antifungals, oxiconazole likely inhibits cytochrome P450-dependent lanosterol demethylation. This prevents the synthesis of ergosterol, a key component of the fungal cell membrane. By disrupting the synthesis and integrity of the fungal cell membrane, oxiconazole alters its permeability, promoting the loss of essential intracellular components and ultimately inhibiting fungal cell growth.
See also: Oxiconazole nitrate (in salt form).
Drug Indications
For the treatment of fungal dermatophyte infections.
FDA Label
Mechanism of Action
Oxiconazole inhibits the biosynthesis of ergosterol, which is essential for the integrity of the fungal cell membrane. It works by disrupting the stability of the fungal cytochrome P450 51 enzyme (also known as lanosterol 14-α demethylase). This enzyme is crucial for the structure of the fungal cell membrane. Inhibition of this enzyme leads to cell lysis. Oxiconazole has also been shown to inhibit DNA synthesis and reduce intracellular ATP concentrations. Like other imidazole antifungal drugs, oxiconazole can increase cell membrane permeability to zinc, thereby enhancing its cytotoxicity.

C18H13CL4N3O

429.12

426.981

64211-45-6

Oxiconazole nitrate;64211-46-7

5353853

Typically exists as solid at room temperature

1.4±0.1 g/cm3

576.8±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg

302.6±32.9 °C

0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C

1.635

5.83

0

3

6

26

481

0

C1=CC(=CC(=C1CO/N=C(\CN2C=CN=C2)/C3=C(C=C(C=C3)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl

WVNOAGNOIPTWPT-NDUABGMUSA-N

InChI=1S/C18H13Cl4N3O.HNO3/c19-13-2-1-12(16(21)7-13)10-26-24-18(9-25-6-5-23-11-25)15-4-3-14(20)8-17(15)22;2-1(3)4/h1-8,11H,9-10H2;(H,2,3,4)/b24-18+;

(Z)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]-2-imidazol-1-ylethanimine;nitric acid

Ro 13-8996 Oxiconazolum Oxiconazole

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.

---

Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)
*Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil)
Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).

View More

Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)]
*Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline
Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil)
Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)

---

Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium)
Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).

View More

Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400
Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders

---

Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.

---

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)