Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3)

Alias: Niacinamide, Vitamin PP, Nicotinic acid amide;Vitamin B3

Cat No.:V0432 Purity: ≥98%

COA Product Data Instructions for use SDS

Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3; Niacinamide; Nicotinic acid amide), awater-soluble and active form of vitamin B3, is a potent and active component of coenzymes NAD and NADP.

Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) Chemical Structure CAS No.: 98-92-0
Product category: Sirtuin

This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.

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5g
10g
25g
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Nature 2021, 597(7874):119-125.

Cell 2020,183:1202-1218.e25.

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Nature 597, 119–125 (2021)

Cell Stem Cell 2020,26(6):845-861.e12.

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J Am Chem Soc 2022,144:21831-21836.

Cell 2020,183:1202-1218.e25.

Science Adv 2022:8,eabm9427.

Nature 2021,597(7874):119-125.

Cell 2020,183:1202-1218.e25.

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ACS Nano 2023,17(10):9110-9125.

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Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Current batch：

Purity: ≥98%

COA

MSDS

NMR

Instructions

Product Description
Bioactivity & Protocols
Physicochemical Properties
Solubility Data
Calculators
Clinical Trial Information
Biological Data

Product Description

Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3; Niacinamide; Nicotinic acid amide), a water-soluble and active form of vitamin B3, is a potent and active component of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It is commonly used as a dietary supplement and medication. As a supplement, it is used by oral administration to prevent and treat pellagra. Nicotinamide also act as an inhibitor of sirtuins. Nicotinamide is also an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) enzymes. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is found as a DNA repair enzyme. The excessive activation of PARP-1, such as ischemia and trauma, can deplete cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as a substrate and leads to brain cell death eventually.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)

ln Vitro

In vitro activity: Nicotinamide strongly inhibits yeast silencing, increases rDNA recombination, and shortens replicative life span to that of a sir2 mutant. Nicotinamide abolishes silencing and leads to an eventual delocalization of Sir2 even in G(1)-arrested cells, demonstrating that silent heterochromatin requires continual Sir2 activity. Nicotinamide results in a twofold increase in DNA content and a threefold increase in insulin content in the fetal cells. Nicotinamide induces differentiation and maturation of human fetal pancreatic islet cells. Nicotinamide regulates sirtuins by switching between deacetylation and base exchange. Nicotinamide switching is quantitated for the Sir2s from Archeaglobus fulgidus (Sir2Af2), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sir2p), and mouse (Sir2alpha). Nicotinamide selectively reduces a specific phospho-species of tau (Thr231) that is associated with microtubule depolymerization in Alzheimers disease transgenic mice, in a manner similar to inhibition of SirT1. Nicotinamide also dramatically increases acetylated alpha-tubulin, a primary substrate of SirT2, and MAP2c in Alzheimers disease transgenic mice, both of which are linked to increased microtubule stability. Nicotinamide fosters DNA integrity and maintains phosphatidylserine membrane asymmetry to prevent cellular inflammation, cellular phagocytosis and vascular thrombosis. Nicotinamide both prevents and reverses neuronal and vascular cell injury.

Cell Assay: Previous findings suggested that nicotinamide had a protective effect against PARP-1-induced astrocyte death. The transporter-mediated uptake of nicotinamide, which was extracellular pH-sensitive and common to N-methylnicotinamide, was found to be critical for prevention of PARP-1-triggered cell death.

ln Vivo

Type 2 diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by streptozotocin followed by nicotinamide. Test compounds and standard treatment were continued for 15 days. Results showed that there was significant normalisation of liver antioxidant enzymes compared to diabetic rats, suggesting all the tested compounds were beneficial in reducing oxidative stress

Animal Protocol

10, 25 and 50 mg/kg; oral

Rats and Mice: Normal and streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced adult male diabetic rats receive quercetin (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg/bw) orally, and cause significant decrease in FBG and cardiac injury marker levels with increased in insulin levels[2]. Nicotinamide improves maternal hypertension, proteinuria, and glomerular endotheliosis in RUPP mice. Moreover, nicotinamide prolongs pregnancies, and improves survival and growth of the embryos in RUPP PE mice

References

J Biol Chem.2002 Nov 22;277(47):45099-107.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula

C6H6N2O

Molecular Weight

122.12

CAS #

98-92-0

Related CAS #

Nicotinamide;98-92-0

SMILES

O=C(C1=C([H])N=C([H])C([H])=C1[H])N([H])[H]

Synonyms

Niacinamide, Vitamin PP, Nicotinic acid amide;Vitamin B3

Storage

Powder -20°C 3 years

4°C 2 years

In solvent -80°C 6 months

-20°C 1 month

Shipping Condition

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO:24 mg/mL (196.52 mM)

Water: 24 mg/mL (196.52 mM)

Ethanol: 24 mg/mL (196.52 mM)

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	8.1887 mL	40.9433 mL	81.8867 mL
	5 mM	1.6377 mL	8.1887 mL	16.3773 mL
	10 mM	0.8189 mL	4.0943 mL	8.1887 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

Mass

Concentration

Volume

Molecular Weight*

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Molarity Calculator allows you to calculate the mass, volume, and/or concentration required for a solution, as detailed below:

Calculate the Mass of a compound required to prepare a solution of known volume and concentration
Calculate the Volume of solution required to dissolve a compound of known mass to a desired concentration
Calculate the Concentration of a solution resulting from a known mass of compound in a specific volume

See Example

An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?

Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
Enter 10 in the Concentration box and choose the correct unit (mM)
Enter 5 in the Volume box and choose the correct unit (mL)
Click the “Calculate” button
The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

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Concentration (End)

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Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:

Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
Enter 25 into the Concentration (End) box and select the correct unit (mM)
Enter 25 into the Volume (End) box and choose the correct unit (mL)
Click the “Calculate” button
The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box

Molecular formula

Total molecular weight

g/mol

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Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4 c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:

To calculate molar mass of a chemical compound, please enter the chemical/molecular formula and click the “Calculate’ button.

Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:

Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u). (1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12)
Molar mass (molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.

Volume (to add to vial)

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Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

Enter the mass of the reagent and the desired reconstitution concentration as well as the correct units
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The answer appears in the Volume (to add to vial) box

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)

Dosage mg/kg

Average weight of animals g

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Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)

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Calculation results

Working concentration： mg/mL；

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH₂O，mix and clarify.

Note： (1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Clinical Trial Information

NCT Number	Recruitment	interventions	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT04843553	Completed	Drug: Oral Nicotinamide	Actinic Keratoses	Rhode Island Hospital	October 14, 2016	Early Phase 1
NCT06007391	Not yet recruiting	Drug: Nicotinamide	Nicotinamide Adverse Reaction	University Hospital, Angers	September 2023	Phase 2 Phase 3
NCT03789175	Completed Has Results	Dietary Supplement: Nicotinamide Riboside (NR)	Cancer Skin Fibroblasts	National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)	March 25, 2019	Phase 1 Phase 2
NCT03432871	Completed	Dietary Supplement: Nicotinamide Riboside	Mitochondrial Diseases Mitochondrial Myopathies	Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust	December 8, 2017	Not Applicable

Biological Data

The NAD+ salvage pathway.Nicotinamide generated by Sir2 is converted into nicotinic acid by Pnc1 and subsequently back into NAD+ in three steps.YNR073C and YEL070W are putative NAD+glycohydrolases. Question marks represent enzymes present in bacteria without obvious homologs in yeast. Abbreviations:NAD +, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide;NaMN, nicotinic acid mononucleotide; NaAD, desamido-NAD+; NADP +, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.

Localization of Sir2-GFP in the presence of nicotinamide (NAM). A, wild-type strains containing SIR2-GFP (YDS1078), SIR3-GFP(YDS1099), or GFP-SIR4 (YDS1097), and an isogenicsir2 derivative expressing SIR3-GFP (YDS1109), were grown for the indicated times in the presence of 5 mmnicotinamide. GFP fluorescence was detected in live cells.B, the SIR2-GFP strain was deleted forHML(YDS1784) arrested in G1 by 10 μg/ml α-factor and treated with 0 or 5 mm nicotinamide. Times indicated are post-nicotinamide treatment.

Model for noncompetitive inhibition of Sirs by nicotinamide. A, the Sir2 family of deacetylases contains an NAD+ binding pocket divided into three distinct regions. The adenine-ribose moiety of NAD+binds the A site whereas, in the absence of acetylated substrate, the nicotinamide moiety is bound to the B site. B, in the presence of an acetyllysine (K) a rotation around a phosphodiester bond of the pyrophosphate moiety would position the nicotinamide group near the C site where hydrolysis and subsequent nicotinamide release may take place. C, when present at elevated levels, free nicotinamide may bind to the C site preventing the conformational change and hydrolysis of NAD+.