| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Firefly luciferase targets ATP for bioluminescent detection. The enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of D-luciferin in the presence of Mg2+-ATP and oxygen, resulting in the emission of light. Because of the requirement of ATP, firefly luciferases have been used extensively in biotechnology for ATP detection. The enzyme's activity is dependent on ATP concentration.
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| ln Vitro |
The luminous enzyme that causes bioluminescence in fireflies and click beetles is called firefly luciferase. This enzyme needs ATP and oxygen to catalyze the oxidation of firefly luciferin. Because firefly luciferase needs ATP, it has been employed extensively in biotechnology.
In vitro, Firefly luciferase catalyzes the production of light from luciferin in the presence of Mg2+-ATP and oxygen. The enzyme can be used to detect trace amounts of ATP. It is used as a reporter gene in various assays to study gene expression and cellular metabolism. The enzyme's activity is measured by light emission, which is proportional to ATP concentration. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Firefly luciferase is used as a bioluminescent reporter in animal models for non-invasive imaging. The enzyme's expression is driven by specific promoters to study gene expression in living animals. Luciferase-based imaging allows real-time monitoring of tumor growth, gene expression, and cell trafficking. The enzyme requires ATP and luciferin, which is administered exogenously for in vivo imaging.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for Firefly luciferase involve measuring light production in the presence of luciferin, ATP, and Mg2+. The enzyme is incubated with substrates in appropriate buffer systems, and light emission is measured using a luminometer. ATP concentration is quantified by measuring light intensity, which is proportional to ATP levels. For reporter gene assays, cells expressing luciferase are lysed and mixed with substrates to measure luciferase activity.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Firefly luciferase are conducted in cells expressing the luciferase gene. Cells are cultured in appropriate media at 37°C with 5% CO2. Luciferase activity is measured by adding luciferin substrate and measuring light emission using a luminometer. The enzyme is used as a reporter gene to study promoter activity, gene expression, and cellular signaling. Cell viability is assessed by standard assays. Experiments are performed with appropriate positive and negative controls.
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| Animal Protocol |
Firefly luciferase in vivo studies are conducted in mouse models for bioluminescence imaging. Animals are injected with luciferin substrate and imaged using a bioluminescence imaging system. Light emission is measured to assess gene expression, tumor growth, or cell localization. The enzyme is used as a reporter gene in various disease models. Animals are monitored for clinical signs. Studies are conducted in accordance with institutional animal care guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Firefly luciferase (MW 62 kDa) is a recombinant enzyme from Photinus pyralis. It catalyzes the oxidation of D-luciferin in the presence of Mg2+-ATP and oxygen, producing light. The enzyme is used for ATP detection and as a reporter gene in bioluminescence assays. It is supplied as a lyophilized powder with high specific activity (≥2.0×10^11 RLU/mg protein). The enzyme is stable under recommended storage conditions.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Firefly luciferase is generally considered safe as a research reagent. The enzyme is a recombinant protein used in bioluminescence assays and reporter gene studies. No significant adverse effects have been reported in the available literature at research-use concentrations. The enzyme is intended for research use only. Standard laboratory safety practices should be employed when handling this compound. Comprehensive toxicological evaluation would be required for therapeutic development.
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| Additional Infomation |
Firefly luciferase is a 62 kDa light-emitting enzyme from Photinus pyralis that catalyzes the oxidation of D-luciferin in the presence of Mg2+-ATP and oxygen, producing light. It is used extensively in biotechnology for ATP detection and as a reporter gene in bioluminescence assays. The enzyme enables non-invasive imaging in vivo for studying gene expression, tumor growth, and cell trafficking. Its activity is measured in relative light units (RLU).All applications are limited to non-human research use.
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| Molecular Weight |
0
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|---|---|
| Exact Mass |
321.158
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| CAS # |
61970-00-1
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| Related CAS # |
Luciferase;9014-00-0
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| PubChem CID |
46213588
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Flash Point |
231.8 °F
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| LogP |
2.7
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
24
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| Complexity |
454
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
Cc1cccc(c1)CC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)c2ccccc2
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| InChi Key |
CQZVJEKKNHOFNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C18H19N5O/c1-12(2)15(11-24)21-17-7-8-18-20-10-16(23(18)22-17)14-5-3-13(9-19)4-6-14/h3-8,10,12,15,24H,11H2,1-2H3,(H,21,22)
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| Chemical Name |
4-[6-[(1-hydroxy-3-methylbutan-2-yl)amino]imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl]benzonitrile
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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