Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Overview of Lactation Use
Currently, there is no information regarding magnesium excretion following maternal administration of magnesium aspartate during lactation. However, other magnesium salts have been studied. Intravenous magnesium sulfate only slightly increases magnesium concentration in breast milk. Infants have low oral absorption of magnesium, therefore maternal administration of magnesium aspartate is not expected to affect serum magnesium levels in breastfed infants. Magnesium aspartate supplementation during pregnancy may delay lactation, but it can be taken during lactation without special precautions.
◉ Effects on Breastfed Infants
On the first day postpartum, 50 mothers received either 15 ml of mineral oil or an emulsion of mineral oil with another magnesium salt (magnesium hydroxide), equivalent to 900 mg of magnesium hydroxide, but the specific number of mothers receiving each product was not specified. Additional doses may be given in subsequent days if necessary. No significant abnormal stools were observed in any of the breastfed infants, but all infants were also supplemented with other foods.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breast Milk
A mother who received intravenous magnesium sulfate for 3 days due to gestational hypertension experienced delayed lactation (stage II) until 10 days postpartum. Although no comprehensive examination was conducted, no other specific cause for the delay was identified. A subsequent controlled clinical trial found no evidence of delayed lactation in mothers receiving intravenous magnesium sulfate. Some studies (but not all) have found that infants born to mothers who received intravenous magnesium sulfate during delivery tend to have longer first-feeding times or decreased suckling ability due to placental transfer of magnesium to the fetus.
A study of 40 healthy, vaginally delivered singleton pregnancies compared outcome parameters of women who received continuous oral magnesium aspartate hydrochloride supplementation (mean daily dose 459 mg, range 365–729 mg) for at least 4 weeks prior to delivery with a control group that did not receive magnesium supplementation. Results showed that the proportion of women in the magnesium supplementation group who were able to exclusively breastfeed their infants at discharge was significantly lower than in the control group (63% vs 80%).

[1]. Blood-brain barrier produces significant efflux of L-aspartic acid but not D-aspartic acid: in vivo evidence using the brain efflux index method. J Neurochem. 1999 Sep;73(3):1206-11.

[2]. In vivo pharmacokinetic study for the assessment of poly(L-aspartic acid) as a drug carrier for colon-specific drug delivery. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm. 1995 Aug;23(4):397-406.

Magnesium aspartate is the magnesium salt of aspartic acid and is commonly used as a mineral supplement. It has higher oral bioavailability and water solubility compared to other magnesium salts such as magnesium citrate, magnesium carbonate, and magnesium oxide. Magnesium aspartate is a common non-essential amino acid that exists in its L-form. It is found in both plants and animals, particularly in sugarcane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.

C4H6NNAO4

155.0845

155.006

5598-53-8

L-Aspartic acid;56-84-8

90470772

White to off-white solid powder

1.514g/cm3

264.1ºC at 760mmHg

270-271ºC

113.5ºC

1

5

0

10

137

1

C([C@@H](C(=O)[O-])N)C(=O)[O-].[Mg+2]

NFFJLMKHRCXLJO-DKWTVANSSA-L

InChI=1S/C4H7NO4.Mg/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7;/h2H,1,5H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9);/q;+2/p-2/t2-;/m0./s1

magnesium;(2S)-2-aminobutanedioate

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

H2O : ≥ 50 mg/mL (~282.37 mM)

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.

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Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)
*Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil)
Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).

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Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)]
*Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline
Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil)
Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)

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Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium)
Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).

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Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400
Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders

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Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.

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 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)