| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
|
||
| 5mg |
|
||
| 10mg |
|
||
| 25mg |
|
||
| 50mg |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
|
| Targets |
AMP - activated protein kinase (AMPK).
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Kudinoside D can suppress adipogenesis in 3T3 - L1 adipocytes. Oil red O staining analysis showed that Kudinoside D could dose - dependently reduce the cytoplasmic lipid droplets in 3T3 - L1 adipocytes, with an IC50 of 59.49 μM. It can also significantly inhibit the expression of major adipogenic transcription factors peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein - α (C/EBPα) and sterol regulatory element - binding protein 1c (SREBP - 1c) and their target genes. At the same time, it can increase the phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream target phosphorylated - acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC). When the cells were co - treated with the AMPK inhibitor Compound C, the inhibitory effect of Kudinoside D on the expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα was weakened, indicating that Kudinoside D exerts anti - adipogenic effects by regulating adipogenic transcription factors through the AMPK signaling pathway. [1]
|
| Cell Assay |
3T3 - L1 adipocytes were cultured and induced to differentiate. During the differentiation process, the cells were treated with different concentrations of Kudinoside D (0 to 40 μM). Then, Oil red O staining was used to observe the formation of lipid droplets, and the absorbance was measured at 510 nm after dissolving the stained lipid droplets with isopropanol to evaluate the degree of adipogenesis. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of PPARγ, C/EBPα, SREBP - 1c, p - AMPK, and p - ACC proteins to explore the related mechanisms. [1]
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
The leaves of Ilex Kudingcha, locally named "Kudingcha" in China, has been traditionally applied for treating obesity. Studies have demonstrated that the ethanol extract of Ilex kudingcha have anti-adipogenic effects. However, the constituent which was responsible for its anti-obesity and its underlying molecular mechanism has not yet been elucidated. This research explored the anti-obesity effect of kudinoside-D which was a main natural component of triterpenoid saponin from the ethanol extract of Ilex kudingcha, on lipid accumulation and the potential mechanism of action of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The adipocytes were treated with various concentrations of kudinoside D (0 to 40μM) during differentiation. The image-based Oil Red O staining analyses revealed that KD-D, dose dependently reduced cytoplasmic lipid droplet in 3T3-L1 adipocytes with the IC50 is 59.49μM. Meanwhile, major adipogenic transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBPα) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) were significantly repressed as well as their target genes. The phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its downstream target phosphorylated-acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) expression were also increased. In addition, the inhibitory effects of KD-D on the expressions of PPARγ and C/EBPα were weakened when cells were cotreated with AMPK inhibitor Compound C. These results indicated KD-D exerts anti-adipogenic effects through modulation of adipogenic transcription factors via AMPK signaling pathway. And the current findings demonstrated that KD-D was a potential therapeutic candidate for alleviating obesity and hyperlipidemia.[1]
|
| Molecular Formula |
C47H72O17
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
909.0644
|
| Exact Mass |
908.476
|
| CAS # |
173792-61-5
|
| PubChem CID |
131849705
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
|
| LogP |
0.8
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
9
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
17
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
64
|
| Complexity |
1890
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
C[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](CO[C@H]2O[C@H]3CC[C@]4(C(C3(C)C)CC[C@@]5(C4C=CC6=C7[C@]([C@@]8(CC[C@@]7(CC[C@]65C)C(=O)O8)C)(C)O)C)C)O)O[C@H]9[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O9)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
ROLIIKCIEQNTMT-IKGXGZECSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C47H72O17/c1-21-28(50)30(52)32(54)37(59-21)63-35-34(62-38-33(55)31(53)29(51)24(19-48)60-38)23(49)20-58-39(35)61-27-12-13-42(4)25(41(27,2)3)11-14-44(6)26(42)10-9-22-36-46(8,57)45(7)16-18-47(36,40(56)64-45)17-15-43(22,44)5/h9-10,21,23-35,37-39,48-55,57H,11-20H2,1-8H3/t21-,23+,24+,25-,26+,27-,28-,29+,30+,31-,32+,33+,34-,35+,37-,38-,39-,42-,43+,44+,45?,46-,47-/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(1S,4S,5R,8R,10S,13S,14R,19S)-19-hydroxy-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5,9,9,13,19,20-heptamethyl-21-oxahexacyclo[18.2.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosa-15,17-dien-22-one
|
| Synonyms |
Kudinoside D; 173792-61-5; (1S,4S,5R,8R,10S,13S,14R,19S)-19-Hydroxy-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5,9,9,13,19,20-heptamethyl-21-oxahexacyclo[18.2.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosa-15,17-dien-22-one; SCHEMBL30616766; SCHEMBL30616768;
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~110.00 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.1000 mL | 5.5002 mL | 11.0004 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2200 mL | 1.1000 mL | 2.2001 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1100 mL | 0.5500 mL | 1.1000 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
