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100mg | ||
250mg | ||
500mg |
ln Vitro |
L-lysine (ibuprofen) (24 h) suppresses the activity of COX-1 and COX-2, with IC50 values of 13 μM and 370 μM, respectively[1]. In AGS cells (a gastric cancer cell line), ibuprofen (500 μM, 48 h) L-lysine causes apoptosis and suppresses angiogenesis and cell proliferation [2]. Ibuprofen (500 μM, 48 h) L-lysine increases the RNA levels of wild-type P53 and Bax genes, but down-regulates the transcription of Akt, VEGF-A, PCNA, Bcl2, OCT3/4, and CD44 genes in AGS cells [2]. Ibuprofen (500 μM, 24 h) L-lysine restores microtubule remodeling, microtubule-dependent intracellular cholesterol transport, and induces microtubules to stretch to the cell periphery in a cystic fibrosis (CF) cell model and primary CF nasal epithelial cells [3]. Through a photosensitizing mechanism, ibuprofen (500 μM, 24 hours) L-lysine increases UV-induced cell death in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells [4].
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ln Vivo |
In a postpartum breast cancer model, L-lysine improves an antitumor immune profile and decreases overall tumor growth without causing detrimental autoimmune responses when combined with ibuprofen (300 mg/kg; oral; daily for 14 days) [ 5]. In a rat model of oxaliplatin-induced chronic peripheral neuropathy, L-lysine (60 mg/kg; ih; every other day for 15 days) decreases the risk of neuropathy [6]. L-lysine lowers muscle growth (mean muscle fiber cross-sectional area) without altering supraspinatus tendon adaptation to exercise, when combined with ibuprofen (20 mg/kg; PO; every 12 hours for a total of 5 doses) [7]. In a rat model of chronic lung infection, L-lysine (35 mg/kg; oral; twice daily) reduces the inflammatory response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa [8].
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Cell Assay |
Cell viability assay [2]
Cell Types: AGS Cell Tested Concentrations: 100-1000 μM Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours), 48 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Inhibited AGS cell viability, IC50 value was 630 μM (Trypan blue staining, 24 hrs (hours)), 456 μM ( neutral) red assay, 24 hrs (hours)), 549 μM (trypan blue staining, 48 hrs (hours)), and 408 μM (neutral red assay, 48 hrs (hours)). |
Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: PPBC syngeneic (D2A1) orthotopic Balb/c mouse model (postpartum) [5]
Doses: 300 mg/kg, daily for 14 days Route of Administration: Feed with animal feed (add to crushed standard feed and Mix dry, then mix with water to form feed pellets and dry thoroughly) Experimental Results: inhibit tumor growth, reduce the presence of immature monocytes and increase the number of T cells. Enhances Th1-related cytokines and promotes tumor border accumulation of T cells. Animal/Disease Models: Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy [6] Doses: 60 mg/kg, once every other day for 15 days Route of Administration: subcutaneous injection Experimental Results: diminished sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV). |
References |
[1]. Noreen Y, et al. Development of a radiochemical cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in vitro assay for identification of natural products as inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis. J Nat Prod. 1998 Jan;61(1):2-7.
[2]. Hassan Akrami, et al. Inhibitory effect of ibuprofen on tumor survival and angiogenesis in gastric cancer cell. Tumour Biol. 2015 May;36(5):3237-43. [3]. Sharon M Rymut, et al. Ibuprofen regulation of microtubule dynamics in cystic fibrosis epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2016 Aug 1;311(2):L317-27. [4]. Emmanuelle Bignon, et al. Ibuprofen and ketoprofen potentiate UVA-induced cell death by a photosensitization process. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 21;7(1):8885. [5]. Nathan D Pennock, et al. Ibuprofen supports macrophage differentiation, T cell recruitment, and tumor suppression in a model of postpartum breast cancer. J Immunother Cancer. 2018 Oct 1;6(1):98. [6]. Thomas Krøigård, et al. Protective effect of ibuprofen in a rat model of chronic oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Exp Brain Res. 2019 Oct;237(10):2645-2651. [7]. Sarah Ilkhanipour Rooney, et al. Ibuprofen Differentially Affects Supraspinatus Muscle and Tendon Adaptations to Exercise in a Rat Model. Am J Sports Med. 2016 Sep;44(9):2237-45. [8]. M W Konstan, et al. Ibuprofen attenuates the inflammatory response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a rat model of chronic pulmonary infection. Implications for antiinflammatory therapy in cystic fibrosis. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Jan;141(1):186-92. |
Molecular Formula |
C19H32N2O4
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Molecular Weight |
352.47
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CAS # |
57469-77-9
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Related CAS # |
Ibuprofen;15687-27-1
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SMILES |
CC(CC1=CC=C(C(C(O)=O)C)C=C1)C.N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(O)=O
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Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 :Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
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Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 2.8371 mL | 14.1856 mL | 28.3712 mL | |
5 mM | 0.5674 mL | 2.8371 mL | 5.6742 mL | |
10 mM | 0.2837 mL | 1.4186 mL | 2.8371 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration: mg/mL;
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation::Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.