| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| 1g | |||
| Other Sizes |
| ln Vitro |
heraclenol exhibited antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as oral pathogens, with MIC values ranging from 0.50 to 0.85 mg/mL [1]. Specifically, the MIC values (mg/mL, n=3) were: against S. curvatus 0.68 ± 0.3, S. dipteridifolia 0.64 ± 0.2, P. dipteridifolia 0.70 ± 0.2, E. chloroce 0.77 ± 0.1, K. chloroce 0.85 ± 0.4, F. chloroce 0.67 ± 0.3, S. mildulus 0.53 ± 0.2, and S. viridulus 0.50 ± 0.2 [1]. heraclenol was inactive against the three assayed Candida species (C. dibioctis, C. myrcectidis, C. glabrata) [1]. The crude petroleum ether and methanolic extracts of the plant were moderately active, while the isolated coumarins including heraclenol showed more potent inhibition [1]. The antibacterial activity is attributed to the coumarin ring system, which is known to inhibit bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, and the presence of a prenyl group may increase lipophilicity, facilitating passage through bacterial membranes [1].
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| Cell Assay |
The antimicrobial activity of heraclenol was determined using the agar dilution technique in a microtiter plate format [1]. Stock solutions of the pure compound were prepared in sterile distilled water with 10% Tween 80 at a concentration of 1 mg/mL [1]. Serial dilutions of the stock solution in broth medium (100 μL of Muller-Hinton broth for bacteria, Sabouraud broth for fungi, and blood agar 10% for oral pathogens) were prepared in a 96-well microtiter plate [1]. Then, 1 μL of microbial suspension (inoculum in sterile distilled water) was added to each well [1]. For each strain, growth conditions and sterility of the medium were checked, and the plates were incubated at 37°C [1]. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) were determined as the lowest concentrations preventing visible growth [1]. The following microorganisms were used: Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and S. epidermidis (ATCC 12228); Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Enterobacter cloacae (ATCC 13047), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 227853); oral pathogens Streptococcus mutans and S. viridans; and pathogenic fungi Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), C. tropicalis (ATCC 13801), and C. glabrata (ATCC 28838) [1]. Standard antibiotics (netilmicin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, 5-flucytosine, amphotericin B, and sanguinarine) were used as controls [1]. Variance analysis was performed using averages ± SD, with each value being the mean of three replications [1].
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Heraclenol has reportedly been found in Pleurospermum rivulorum, Ferula sumbul, and other organisms with available data.
heraclenol has been previously isolated from other Angelica species (e.g., A. officinalis), but this is the first report of its isolation from Angelica lucida [1]. The compound, together with imperatorin, isoimperatorin, and oxypeucedanin hydrate, could be characterized as a chemotaxonomic tool of the genus Angelica [1]. The antibacterial results showed that both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria displayed similar sensitivity to heraclenol, while P. aeruginosa appeared as the most resistant strain, which is in accordance with previous scientific results [1]. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H16O6
|
|---|---|
| Exact Mass |
304.094
|
| CAS # |
31575-93-6
|
| Related CAS # |
(-)-Heraclenol;139079-42-8;(±)-Heraclenol;118407-74-2
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| PubChem CID |
73253
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
544.3±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
117 - 118 °C
|
| Flash Point |
283.0±30.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.630
|
| LogP |
1.24
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
22
|
| Complexity |
460
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
CC(C(COC1C2OC=CC=2C=C2C=CC(OC=12)=O)O)(C)O
|
| InChi Key |
FOINLJRVEBYARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H16O6/c1-16(2,19)11(17)8-21-15-13-10(5-6-20-13)7-9-3-4-12(18)22-14(9)15/h3-7,11,17,19H,8H2,1-2H3
|
| Chemical Name |
9-(2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutoxy)furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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