| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Target: Isotope-Labeled Compounds / Amino Acid. L-Histidine is an essential amino acid required for protein synthesis, and it is a precursor for several neurotransmitters (histamine) and biologically active peptides. D-Histidine is an enantiomer with distinct biological properties. The labeled form is an analytical standard with no direct biological activity.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
In vitro, stable heavy isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and other elements have been incorporated into drug molecules, largely as tracers for quantitation during the drug development process. No specific cell-based activity is reported for the labeled form beyond its use as a tracer in SILAC experiments and metabolic studies. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, L-histidine is an essential amino acid with various biological functions, including protein synthesis, histamine production, and metal ion chelation. The deuterated standard is not itself administered for in vivo efficacy studies but is used as a tracer to quantify histidine turnover in metabolic flux studies.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For cell-free assays: biological samples (plasma, urine, cell lysates) are spiked with DL-Histidine-d3 internal standard. After protein precipitation with acetonitrile or methanol, and optional derivatization (e.g., with dansyl chloride or AQC), the samples are analyzed by LC-MS/MS or GC-MS. Quantitation is based on the analyte/internal standard peak area ratio.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell assays: cells are incubated in media containing DL-Histidine-d3 as a tracer for histidine metabolism. The labeled amino acid is incorporated into proteins, and after trypsin digestion, the labeled peptides are analyzed by LC-MS/MS to quantify protein turnover rates (dynamic SILAC) or to measure histidine uptake and metabolism. No direct biological activity is reported.
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| Animal Protocol |
No animal studies are conducted with the labeled internal standard itself. For PK and metabolic studies of histidine, the labeled standard is used as an internal standard for LC-MS/MS bioanalysis of plasma, tissue, or urine samples from animals dosed with unlabeled histidine or histidine-containing compounds. The standard is also used in tracer studies for amino acid flux analysis.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
PK properties of L-histidine: after oral administration, it is rapidly absorbed via amino acid transporters in the small intestine with Tmax 30-60 min. It is distributed throughout the body, crosses the blood-brain barrier via LAT1, and is metabolized to histamine by histidine decarboxylase. Excess histidine is catabolized via the histidine ammonia-lyase pathway. Elimination half-life is approximately 1-2 hours. The deuterated standard does not exhibit distinct PK behavior.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No toxicity data are available for the deuterated standard. L-Histidine is an essential amino acid and is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when consumed in dietary amounts. High doses (>10 g/day) may cause gastrointestinal disturbances, headache, and drowsiness. The labeled compound is for research use only and is not intended for human consumption. Non-hazardous for transport.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
DL-Histidine-d3 is a research standard, not an approved drug. It is not FDA-approved for clinical use. It is used in nutritional science, metabolic research, and pharmaceutical quality control for histidine quantification. The unlabeled L-histidine is widely available as a dietary supplement and is used therapeutically for rheumatoid arthritis, allergic diseases, and as a precursor for histamine in diagnostic tests. The labeled standard is essential for stable isotope dilution assays.
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| Molecular Formula |
C6H9N3O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
155.15456
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| Exact Mass |
158.088
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| CAS # |
344299-50-9
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| Related CAS # |
DL-Histidine;4998-57-6
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| PubChem CID |
90472119
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
458.9±35.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
231.3±25.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.615
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| LogP |
-1.26
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
11
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| Complexity |
151
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
[2H]C([2H])(C1=CN=CN1)C([2H])(C(=O)O)N
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| InChi Key |
HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-WSWICNJZSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H9N3O2/c7-5(6(10)11)1-4-2-8-3-9-4/h2-3,5H,1,7H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)/i1D2,5D
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| Chemical Name |
2-amino-2,3,3-trideuterio-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.4454 mL | 32.2269 mL | 64.4538 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.2891 mL | 6.4454 mL | 12.8908 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6445 mL | 3.2227 mL | 6.4454 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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