| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg | |||
| 100mg | |||
| 500mg |
| Targets |
Coumermycin A1 targets multiple biological targets. It inhibits DNA Gyrase, a bacterial enzyme essential for DNA replication, thereby inhibiting bacterial cell division. It is also a JAK2 signal activator. Additionally, it functions as a DNA synthesis inhibitor, topoisomerase IV inhibitor, Hsp90 inhibitor, antineoplastic agent, and antimicrobial agent. Its antibacterial activity includes activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and mycobacteria (weak).
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies demonstrate that Coumermycin A1 inhibits DNA Gyrase, thereby inhibiting cell division in bacteria. It shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity. The compound exhibits antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and mycobacteria (weak). It also exhibits anticancer activity. Its in vitro activity is assessed using antibacterial susceptibility testing, antiviral plaque reduction assays, and cell viability assays in cancer cell lines.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity of Coumermycin A1 has not been extensively characterized in the available literature. As an antibiotic with antibacterial and anticancer activity, the compound has potential therapeutic applications. However, detailed in vivo efficacy data are not extensively reported. The compound is primarily used as a research tool.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for Coumermycin A1 involve measuring its inhibition of DNA Gyrase activity. The assay typically uses purified DNA Gyrase enzyme, a DNA substrate, and ATP. The compound is incubated with the enzyme and substrates, and the supercoiling or relaxation of DNA is analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. IC₅0 values are calculated from dose-response curves. JAK2 activation assays involve measuring JAK2 phosphorylation or downstream signaling in cell-based systems.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for Coumermycin A1 are conducted to evaluate its antibacterial and anticancer activities. Antibacterial activity is assessed using standard broth microdilution methods to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against various bacterial strains. Anticancer activity is assessed in cancer cell lines by treating cells with varying concentrations of the compound and measuring cell viability using MTT or similar assays. JAK2 activation is assessed by measuring JAK2 phosphorylation or STAT signaling by Western blotting.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Coumermycin A1 are limited. For antibacterial studies, animal models of bacterial infection could be used. For anticancer studies, xenograft models could be employed. For antiviral studies, animal models of orthopoxvirus infection could be used. However, specific in vivo study protocols are not extensively reported.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Coumermycin A1 have not been extensively characterized. The compound has a molecular weight of 1110.08 and a molecular formula of C₅₅H₅₉N₅O20. The compound is a large, complex antibiotic with multiple aromatic rings and sugar moieties, which may limit oral bioavailability. Detailed PK parameters such as half-life, bioavailability, and volume of distribution are not reported. The compound is typically stored at -20degC.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Coumermycin A1 are limited. The compound is not intended for human therapeutic use and is supplied for research purposes only. In cell-based assays, the compound exhibits antibacterial and anticancer activity, suggesting potential cytotoxicity at higher concentrations. Cross-resistance with Novobiocin has been reported. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Coumermycin A1 is a hydroxyCoumermycin antibiotic derived from Streptomyces rishiriensis, possessing potent antibacterial and anticancer activity. It is a bacterial metabolite and also acts as a DNA synthesis inhibitor, topoisomerase IV inhibitor, Hsp90 inhibitor, antitumor agent, and antibacterial agent. It belongs to the Coumermycins, glycosides, pyrroles, heteroaryl carboxylic esters, and aromatic amides. Coumermycin A1 has also been reported to exist in Streptomyces albidoflavus, Streptomyces coelicolor, and Streptomyces rishiriensis, but relevant data are still unclear.
Coumermycin A1 is a hydroxycoumarin antibiotic from Streptomyces rishiriensis that inhibits DNA Gyrase and exhibits antibacterial, anticancer, and antiviral activities. It is also a JAK2 signal activator. Cross-resistance with Novobiocin has been reported. The compound is not an FDA-approved drug and has no clinical indications. It is available in high purity (≥99%) and is typically stored at -20degC. |
| Molecular Formula |
C55H59N5O20
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1110.08000
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| Exact Mass |
1109.38
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 59.51; H, 5.36; N, 6.31; O, 28.82
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| CAS # |
4434-05-3
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| PubChem CID |
54675768
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
5.717
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
9
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
20
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
16
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| Heavy Atom Count |
80
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| Complexity |
2440
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
8
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| SMILES |
CC1=CC=C(N1)C(=O)OC2C(C(OC(C2OC)(C)C)OC3=C(C4=C(C=C3)C(=C(C(=O)O4)NC(=O)C5=CNC(=C5C)C(=O)NC6=C(C7=C(C(=C(C=C7)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)(C)C)OC)OC(=O)C9=CC=C(N9)C)O)C)OC6=O)O)O)C)O
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| InChi Key |
WTIJXIZOODAMJT-DHFGXMAYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C55H59N5O20/c1-21-12-16-29(57-21)48(67)77-42-38(63)52(79-54(6,7)44(42)71-10)73-31-18-14-26-36(61)34(50(69)75-40(26)24(31)4)59-46(65)28-20-56-33(23(28)3)47(66)60-35-37(62)27-15-19-32(25(5)41(27)76-51(35)70)74-53-39(64)43(45(72-11)55(8,9)80-53)78-49(68)30-17-13-22(2)58-30/h12-20,38-39,42-45,52-53,56-58,61-64H,1-11H3,(H,59,65)(H,60,66)/t38-,39-,42+,43+,44-,45-,52-,53-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(3R,4S,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-[4-hydroxy-3-[[5-[[4-hydroxy-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6,6-dimethyl-4-(5-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbonyl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-8-methyl-2-oxochromen-3-yl]carbamoyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonyl]amino]-8-methyl-2-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3-methoxy-2,2-dimethyloxan-4-yl] 5-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate
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| Synonyms |
Coumermycin; Coumermycin A1;
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.9008 mL | 4.5042 mL | 9.0084 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1802 mL | 0.9008 mL | 1.8017 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0901 mL | 0.4504 mL | 0.9008 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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