| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Luminescent enzyme substrate
Apoaequorin/Ca²⁺ complex; coelenteramide binds to apoaequorin in the presence of calcium to form a luminescent complex. It is a substrate/product of the aequorin bioluminescence system rather than a classical receptor ligand. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Aequorin consists of apoprotein (apoAequorin) and (S)-2-peroxycoelenterazine (CTZ-OOH) and is considered to be a transient-state complex of an enzyme (apoAequorin) and a substrate (coelenterazine and molecular oxygen) in the enzymatic reaction. The degradation process of CTZ-OOH in aequorin was characterized under various conditions of protein denaturation. By acid treatment, the major product from CTZ-OOH was coelenteramine (CTM), but not coelenteramide (CTMD), and no significant luminescence was observed. The counterparts of CTM from CTZ-OOH were identified as 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (4HPPA) and 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4HPAA) by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-TOF-MS). In the luminescence reaction of aequorin with Ca2+ , similar amounts of 4HPPA and 4HPAA were detected, indicating that CTM is formed by two pathways from CTZ-OOH through dioxetanone anion and not by hydrolysis from CTMD[1].
Coelenteramide, when combined with apoaequorin and Ca²⁺, emits continuous weak luminescence suitable for imaging calcium dynamics and protein interactions. Its signal is stable and can be used for longitudinal monitoring in live-cell assays. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, coelenteramide is used as a bioluminescent probe for imaging calcium flux and protein–protein interactions in small animal models. It enables non-invasive detection of aequorin-based reporters in deep tissues with low background.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
Recombinant apoaequorin is reconstituted with coelenteramide in the presence of a chelating agent, then Ca²⁺ is added to trigger luminescence. Light emission is measured in a luminometer, and the signal is calibrated against a coelenterazine standard.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cells expressing apoaequorin are loaded with coelenteramide, washed, and stimulated with calcium-mobilizing agents. Luminescence is recorded using a plate reader or microscope equipped with a luminescence detector, enabling kinetic measurements of calcium flux.
|
| Animal Protocol |
Mice expressing aequorin reporters receive coelenteramide by systemic or local injection. Luminescence is acquired using an in vivo imaging system, and signal intensity is quantified over time to monitor calcium-dependent processes or protein interactions in living animals.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Oxidized oplofluose fluorescein belongs to the pyrazine class of compounds and is a member of the oxidized fluorescein family. Its function is related to that of oplofluose fluorescein.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C25H21N3O3
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
411.453
|
| Exact Mass |
411.158
|
| CAS # |
50611-86-4
|
| Related CAS # |
Coelenterazine;55779-48-1
|
| PubChem CID |
448487
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
|
| LogP |
3.663
|
| tPSA |
98.57
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
31
|
| Complexity |
552
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
Oc1ccc(CC(=O)Nc2ncc(nc2Cc2ccccc2)-c2ccc(O)cc2)cc1
|
| InChi Key |
CJIIERPDFZUYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C25H21N3O3/c29-20-10-6-18(7-11-20)15-24(31)28-25-22(14-17-4-2-1-3-5-17)27-23(16-26-25)19-8-12-21(30)13-9-19/h1-13,16,29-30H,14-15H2,(H,26,28,31)
|
| Chemical Name |
N-[3-benzyl-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyrazin-2-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide
|
| Synonyms |
COELENTERAMIDE; 50611-86-4; N-[3-BENZYL-5-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)PYRAZIN-2-YL]-2-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)ACETAMIDE; CEI; 2psj; Oplophorus oxyluciferin; Oxyluciferin (oplophorus); S5MSB8RF66;
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4304 mL | 12.1521 mL | 24.3043 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4861 mL | 2.4304 mL | 4.8609 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2430 mL | 1.2152 mL | 2.4304 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
