| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
|
||
| 250mg |
|
||
| 500mg |
|
||
| 1g |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Buformin targets AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. By activating AMPK, it decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis and lowers blood glucose production. It also suppresses the expression of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Its mechanism involves increasing insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake into cells.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Buformin (0–10 mM; 5 days) inhibits the growth of SKBR3 and BT474 cells in a concentration-dependent manner; the IC50 values for erbB-2–overexpressing SKBR3 and BT474 cells are 246.7 M and 98.6 M, respectively[1]. Buformin (0-3 mM; 48 hours) increases the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase and reduced the percentage of cells in S phase, especially in the SKBR3 cells[1]. Buformin (0–3 mM; 24 hours) inhibits Akt activation/phosphorylation in both SKBR3 and BT474 cells and suppresses RTK activation, including erbB-2 and IGF1R signaling downstream[1].
In vitro, buformin acts as a potent AMPK activator. It suppresses the expression of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. These activities have been demonstrated in cell-based assays, where it activates AMPK signaling and inhibits gluconeogenesis. Its anticancer activity has also been shown in various cancer cell lines, where it induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation. |
| ln Vivo |
Buformin (oral administation; 7.6 mmol/kg of chow; 7 days) has significantly decreased tumor weights and volumes, and MMTV-erbB-2 transgenic mice show decreased mammary morphogenesis and proliferation[1].
In vivo, buformin is an orally active biguanide antidiabetic agent. In MMTV-erbB-2 transgenic mice, oral administration of buformin at 7.6 mmol/kg of chow for 7 days significantly reduced tumor volumes and weights, and hindered mammary morphogenesis and proliferation. It also lowers blood glucose levels by decreasing hepatic gluconeogenesis. |
| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro AMPK activation assay for buformin measures its ability to activate AMPK. These cell-free or cell-based assays use purified AMPK or cell lysates and measure the phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream targets. The compound's potency is determined by measuring the increase in AMPK activity. Its effects on gluconeogenesis can be assessed in hepatocyte cultures.
|
| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for buformin assess its effects on AMPK signaling, gluconeogenesis, and cell proliferation. Hepatocytes or cancer cells are treated with buformin, and AMPK phosphorylation, glucose production, and cell viability are measured. Its antitumor activity is assessed in cancer cell lines by measuring apoptosis and proliferation.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for buformin have been conducted in mouse models of cancer to evaluate its antitumor effects. In MMTV-erbB-2 transgenic mice, oral administration of buformin at 7.6 mmol/kg of chow for 7 days significantly reduced tumor volumes and weights. Its antidiabetic effects have also been demonstrated in models of diabetes.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Buformin is orally active. It is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It is not extensively metabolized and is excreted primarily unchanged in the urine. Its pharmacokinetic properties support its use as an oral antidiabetic agent.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Buformin has a well-established safety profile from its clinical use as an antidiabetic agent. Common adverse effects include gastrointestinal disturbances and lactic acidosis, which is a risk with all biguanides. Its use has declined with the availability of metformin, which has a more favorable safety profile. It is a research compound and is not for human use.
|
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
Dingfuming belongs to the biguanide class of drugs, and its structure is that of a biguanide compound with a butyl group substituted at the 1-position. It is an antidiabetic drug with potential antitumor activity. It can be used as a hypoglycemic agent, anti-aging agent, radiosensitizer, antitumor drug, and antiviral drug. Its function is related to that of other biguanide drugs. Dingfuming is a biguanide antidiabetic drug, and its chemical structure is related to metformin and phenformin. Due to its high risk of causing lactic acidosis, this drug has been withdrawn from the market in most countries. Dingfuming is a biguanide antidiabetic drug with hypoglycemic activity. Dingfuming is not metabolized and is mainly excreted in urine. Due to its high risk of causing lactic acidosis, this drug has been withdrawn from the market. An oral hypoglycemic agent that inhibits gluconeogenesis, promotes glycolysis, and reduces glucose oxidation.
Buformin (CAS 692-13-7) is a potent AMPK activator and an orally active biguanide antidiabetic agent. It decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis and lowers blood glucose. It also has potential antitumor, antiviral, and radiosensitizing effects. It has a molecular formula of C6H15N5 and a molecular weight of 157.22. It is a research compound and is not approved for clinical use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H15N5
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
157.2168
|
| Exact Mass |
157.133
|
| Elemental Analysis |
C, 45.84; H, 9.62; N, 44.55
|
| CAS # |
692-13-7
|
| Related CAS # |
Buformin hydrochloride;1190-53-0;Buformin-d9 hydrochloride
|
| PubChem CID |
2468
|
| Appearance |
Solid powder
|
| Density |
1.22g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
322.7ºC at 760 mmHg
|
| Flash Point |
148.9ºC
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.568
|
| LogP |
1.475
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
11
|
| Complexity |
156
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
CCCCNC(=N)NC(=N)N
|
| InChi Key |
XSEUMFJMFFMCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H15N5/c1-2-3-4-10-6(9)11-5(7)8/h2-4H2,1H3,(H6,7,8,9,10,11)
|
| Chemical Name |
1-Butylbiguanide
|
| Synonyms |
Buformin; W-37; W37; W 37; H 224
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.3605 mL | 31.8026 mL | 63.6051 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.2721 mL | 6.3605 mL | 12.7210 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6361 mL | 3.1803 mL | 6.3605 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Status | Interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT01584232 | Completed | Drug: LY2189265 Drug: Insulin glargine |
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | Eli Lilly and Company | April 2012 | Phase 3 |
| NCT02476760 | Completed | Drug: Insulins Drug: DPP-4 inhibitors |
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 | Canadian Network for Observational Drug Effect Studies, CNODES |
March 2014 |
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
