| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Monoamine oxidase (MAO)
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
The impact of brofaromine (CGP 11305A, BRO) on MAO-A activity in cultured cortical cells was assessed in order to assess if the protective effect is connected to the inhibition of MAO-A or results from alternative mechanisms. MAO-A activity in cultured cortical cells was demonstrated to be substantial in the first place, and bromofaromine was found to block this enzyme in a concentration-dependent way. Bromfaramine has an IC50 of 0.19 μM. There is a 0.96 Hill coefficient. At 10 μM, the enzyme was nearly entirely inhibited. In our cultured cortical cells, brofaromine suppresses MAO-A activity in a concentration-dependent way. The IC50 range for brofaromine is 0.01 μM to 0.1 μM[1].
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
Bromofaromin's known metabolites include O-demethylbromofaromin. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Oral administration of LDLo 300 mg/kg to mice: behavior: seizures or effects on the epileptic threshold, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 284(983), 1998 [PMID:9495858]
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Studies have shown that the monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor selegiline (DPR) can protect certain cell types from oxidative stress damage. MAO-A inhibitors can alleviate oxidative stress by reducing the production of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). This study reports the effects of MAO-A inhibitors pirlinindole (PIR), dehydropyrlinindole (DHP), bromofaromin (BRO), and moclobemide (MCL) on primary cultured brain cells exposed to iron-mediated toxicity. This study also compared the effects of the water-soluble vitamin E analog Trolox (TRO), which protects cells from this type of induced stress damage. Rat hippocampal or cortical cultured cells were exposed to 2 μM FeSO₄, or co-exposed to PIR, DHP, BRO, DPR, MCL, or TRO. This study evaluated cell viability (lactate dehydrogenase assay, 16 h incubation), intracellular peroxide production (DCF fluorescence assay, 1 h incubation), lipid peroxidation (TBARS fluorescence assay, 6 h incubation), and mitochondrial function (MTT assay, 16 h incubation). PIR, DHP, and TRO significantly protected cell cultures from Fe²⁺-induced toxic damage in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). In hippocampal cells, the EC₅₀ values of these compounds were 6, 12, and 19 μM, respectively. In cortical cell cultures containing iron and PIR or DHP, the EC₅₀ values were 5 and 6 μM, respectively. All Hill coefficients were close to 1. BRO, MCL, and DPR showed no protective effect in any type of cell culture. The IC50 values of PIR, DHP, and BRO against MAO-A were 2, 2, and 0.2 μM, respectively. PIR, DHP, and TRO (but not DPR) all significantly reduced intracellular peroxide production and lipid peroxidation levels, and improved mitochondrial function. These experiments suggest that, at pharmacologically relevant concentrations, PIR and DHP can protect hippocampal and cortical neurons from oxidative stress damage. This protective effect appears to be independent of MAO-A inhibition, but may be related to free radical scavenging. [1]
|
| Molecular Formula |
C14H17BRCLNO2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
310.18634
|
| Exact Mass |
345.013
|
| CAS # |
63638-90-4
|
| Related CAS # |
63638-90-4 (HCl);63638-91-5;
|
| PubChem CID |
44570
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
|
| LogP |
4.801
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
19
|
| Complexity |
283
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
Cl.COC1C=C(Br)C2OC(=CC=2C=1)C1CCNCC1
|
| InChi Key |
PUYKEOGYPYITCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C14H16BrNO2.ClH/c1-17-11-6-10-7-13(9-2-4-16-5-3-9)18-14(10)12(15)8-11;/h6-9,16H,2-5H2,1H3;1H
|
| Chemical Name |
4-(7-bromo-5-methoxy-1-benzofuran-2-yl)piperidine;hydrochloride
|
| Synonyms |
BROFAROMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; 63638-90-4; CGP-11305A; 4-(7-Bromo-5-methoxy-2-benzofuranyl)piperidine hydrochloride; Z1JJCCZX3P; 63638-90-4 (HCl); 4-(7-bromo-5-methoxy-1-benzofuran-2-yl)piperidine;hydrochloride; Brofaromine HCl;
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.2238 mL | 16.1192 mL | 32.2383 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6448 mL | 3.2238 mL | 6.4477 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3224 mL | 1.6119 mL | 3.2238 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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