| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Unlike active pharmaceutical ingredients, BES does not bind to specific biological targets (such as enzymes or receptors) to exert a therapeutic effect. Instead, it functions as a pH-stabilizing matrix. Its molecular design as a "Good's buffer" ensures it does not chelate metal ions, does not penetrate biological membranes, and exhibits minimal interference with biochemical reactions, thus maintaining a stable environment for sensitive biological molecules and cells .
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, BES serves primarily as a non-reactive pH stabilizer. It is widely used in cell culture media and various biochemical reaction systems. Critically, BES is known to support the formation of calcium-phosphate-DNA complexes, making it a preferred buffer in transfection experiments to enhance the efficiency of introducing foreign nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells .
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| ln Vivo |
BES is not used as a systemic therapeutic agent; therefore, traditional in vivo pharmacodynamic data is not applicable. The compound is generally regarded as biocompatible; however, early research indicated that its use in cultured chicken embryo chondrocytes could induce cytoplasmic vacuolation, suggesting potential ultrastructural effects on cells when used at high concentrations or in sensitive primary cell cultures .
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| Enzyme Assay |
As a buffer, BES has no specific enzyme/receptor binding assay. Instead, it is used as a component of the buffer system in such assays to provide a stable pH environment. A standard protocol involves preparing a BES-buffered saline (e.g., 20 mM BES, 140 mM NaCl, pH 7.0). This solution maintains pH stability during the reaction between an enzyme and its substrate. All measurements are conducted at 25°C using a spectrophotometer, and the control group uses an alternative buffer like HEPES or Tris to compare buffering efficacy .
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| Cell Assay |
The classic application of BES is in calcium phosphate transfection. Cells were seeded in culture dishes 24 hours prior to the experiment. A DNA-calcium phosphate coprecipitate was prepared using a BES-buffered solution (BBS: BES-Buffered Saline, pH 6.95). This mixture was then added dropwise to the cells. Following a 16–24 hour incubation under 3% CO₂, cells were washed and supplied with fresh complete medium. Its success in transfection relies on BES's ability to maintain a precise pH (typically 6.95), which is critical for the formation of fine, cell-permeable precipitates .
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| Animal Protocol |
Specific in vivo animal dosing protocols for BES are not standard in pharmacology. However, BES is used as a formulation ingredient in complex biological products. For example, in a protocol for Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH) injection, BES is prepared as part of a buffer mixture (5 mM BES, 10 mM MgSO₄, 0.9% NaCl, pH 6.5) to maintain protein stability and activity in the injected formulation .
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
It is a chemical reagent used in vitro or as an excipient. BES is not designed for oral or intravenous administration for therapeutic purposes; its function is limited to establishing a stable chemical environment outside the systemic circulation or in topical formulations .
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
73243 quail LD50 oral >316 mg/kg Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety., 6(149), 1982
Based on its Safety Data Sheet (SDS), BES is classified as a slight irritant. It carries the GHS07 warning symbol, with hazard statements H315 (Causes skin irritation), H319 (Causes serious eye irritation), and H335 (May cause respiratory irritation) . Precautionary measures include avoiding dust inhalation and contact with eyes and skin . While considered low in toxicity for general cell culture, specific studies have noted potential adverse effects on secretory mechanisms and vacuole formation in primary chondrocyte cultures . It is strictly for research use only, not for human therapeutic or diagnostic applications . |
| References |
[1]. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/73243
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| Additional Infomation |
2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanesulfonic acid is a Goodyear buffer with a pKa of 7.15 at 20°C. It is a BES (buffered ester solution) and aminosulfonic acid. It is the conjugate acid of 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanesulfonic acid and also its tautomer.
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| Molecular Formula |
C6H15NO5S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
213.2520
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| Exact Mass |
213.067
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 33.79; H, 7.09; N, 6.57; O, 37.51; S, 15.03
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| CAS # |
10191-18-1
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| Related CAS # |
BES sodium;66992-27-6
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| PubChem CID |
73243
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Melting Point |
150-155 °C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.548
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| LogP |
-2.52
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
204
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
S(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O[H])(=O)(=O)O[H]
|
| InChi Key |
AJTVSSFTXWNIRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H15NO5S/c8-4-1-7(2-5-9)3-6-13(10,11)12/h8-9H,1-6H2,(H,10,11,12)
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| Chemical Name |
2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanesulfonic acid
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| Synonyms |
NSC 166667; NSC-166667; NSC166667; Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-; 2-(Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethanesulphonic acid; Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-(bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-; DTXSID8064985;
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.6893 mL | 23.4467 mL | 46.8933 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9379 mL | 4.6893 mL | 9.3787 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4689 mL | 2.3447 mL | 4.6893 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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