| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50g |
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| 100g |
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| 200g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Multiple targets including tubulin (inhibition of polymerization), 5-HT2A receptor (antagonist), topoisomerase I (inhibition), and various enzymes involved in drug metabolism.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies demonstrate that benzimidazole and its derivatives exhibit a wide range of biological activities. The compound has been found to inhibit the activity of certain enzymes involved in drug metabolism and to act as an antagonist of the 5-HT2A receptor, which is involved in the regulation of mood and behavior. Benzimidazole derivatives also inhibit microtubule polymerization through binding to tubulin, leading to disruption of spindle formation and aneuploidy. Complexes of copper(II) with benzimidazole bind to the minor groove of DNA, cleave supercoiled DNA, and inhibit topoisomerase I.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies have demonstrated that benzimidazole derivatives possess antihelmintic activity by inhibiting tubulin polymerization in parasitic worms, leading to immobilization and death of the parasites. Certain benzimidazole-based proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole show in vivo efficacy in reducing gastric acid secretion by irreversibly inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase in gastric parietal cells. Anticancer benzimidazole derivatives have shown activity in various tumor models through inhibition of tubulin polymerization or targeting of specific cellular processes involved in cancer cell proliferation.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For receptor binding studies, competitive binding assays are performed using radiolabeled ligands and membrane preparations from cells expressing the target receptor (e.g., 5-HT2A receptor). Membranes are incubated with varying concentrations of benzimidazole and a fixed concentration of radioligand. Bound radioactivity is measured after filtration, and IC50 or Ki values are calculated from competition curves. Enzyme inhibition assays are conducted using purified enzymes (e.g., topoisomerase I) and appropriate substrates, measuring the inhibition of enzymatic activity in the presence of increasing compound concentrations.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for benzimidazole derivatives typically involve assessing antiproliferative activity against various cancer cell lines using MTT or CCK-8 viability assays. Cells are seeded in 96-well plates and treated with serial dilutions of the compound for 48-72 hours. Cell viability is measured spectrophotometrically and IC50 values are calculated. For anthelmintic activity, parasitic worm motility assays are performed where worms are incubated with compound and motility is scored microscopically. Anti-inflammatory activity is assessed using LPS-stimulated macrophage assays measuring cytokine production.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo efficacy of benzimidazole derivatives is evaluated in various animal models depending on the therapeutic indication. For anthelmintic activity, infected animals (e.g., mice infected with parasitic nematodes) are treated orally with the compound, and worm burden is determined by necropsy. For anticancer activity, xenograft mouse models are used where tumor-bearing mice are treated with the compound via oral or intraperitoneal administration, and tumor volume is measured over time. For anti-inflammatory activity, rodent models of inflammation such as carrageenan-induced paw edema are employed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Benzimidazole drugs have limited solubility in water; therefore, small differences in solubility can significantly affect absorption. Thiabendazole is rapidly absorbed after oral administration…most of the drug is excreted in the urine…as 5-hydroxythiabendazole… In contrast, mebendazole tablets are poorly absorbed and unstable…and are extensively metabolized. Similar to mebendazole, albendazole absorption after oral administration is variable and unstable, but absorption may increase when taken with a fatty meal. Metabolism/Metabolites 5-Hydroxybenzimidazole is the major metabolite of benzimidazole in rat urine. After 60 days of benzimidazole treatment, melon plants contained the metabolites 2-aminobenzonitrile, o-phenylenediamine, and aniline. Thiabendazole…is excreted in the urine as 5-hydroxythiabendazole, which can be in the form of glucuronide or sulfate. /Benzimazoles/ Pharmacokinetic properties of benzimidazole derivatives vary considerably depending on the specific substitution pattern. Many benzimidazole drugs such as omeprazole and albendazole exhibit good oral bioavailability. Benzimidazole itself is soluble in water (2 mg/ml at 30°C), alcohol, methanol, and sparingly soluble in ether. Key PK parameters including half-life, clearance, volume of distribution, and protein binding are determined using LC-MS/MS analysis of plasma samples following administration. The compound's moderate molecular weight (118.14) and ability to form hydrogen bonds influence its absorption and distribution characteristics. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Non-Human Toxicity Values
Rat intraperitoneal LD50: 385 mg/kg Mouse oral LD50: 2910 mg/kg Mouse intravenous LD50: 280 mg/kg Toxicological profiles of benzimidazole derivatives depend on the specific compound and its target. Benzimidazole itself has been studied for its effects on cellular processes including inhibition of tubulin polymerization, which can lead to aneuploidy and has implications for genotoxicity assessment. Standard toxicology evaluations include acute toxicity studies, repeated-dose toxicity studies, genotoxicity assays (Ames test, micronucleus test), and reproductive toxicity studies. Many benzimidazole-based drugs have established safety profiles through clinical use, though the parent compound benzimidazole is primarily used as a chemical intermediate rather than a therapeutic agent itself. |
| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Benzimidazole is a white, flaky crystal. (NTP, 1992)
1H-benzimidazole is the 1H-tautomer of benzimidazole. It is a benzimidazole compound and also a polycyclic heteroaromatic hydrocarbon. It is the conjugate acid of benzimidazole compounds. It is the tautomer of 4H-benzimidazole, 2H-benzimidazole, and 3aH-benzimidazole. Mechanism of Action Benzimazole inhibits tubulin polymerization or spindle motion; its administration can lead to aneuploidy. Benzimidazole is a versatile pharmacophore that serves as the core structure for numerous clinically important drugs including antihelmintics (albendazole, mebendazole), proton pump inhibitors (omeprazole, pantoprazole), antiviral agents, and anticancer compounds. The compound is not itself an approved drug but is widely used as a chemical intermediate, building block, and research reagent in medicinal chemistry. Its mechanism of action varies by derivative but often involves interaction with enzymatic sites, such as inhibition of tubulin polymerization (in anticancer and anthelmintic applications) or interference with viral polymerase function. Benzimidazole is also used as a reagent in the synthesis of various bioactive compounds. |
| Molecular Formula |
C7H6N2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
118.1359
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| Exact Mass |
118.053
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| CAS # |
51-17-2
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| Related CAS # |
26985-65-9
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| PubChem CID |
5798
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| Appearance |
RHOMBIC, BIPYRAMIDAL PLATES IN WATER
Tabular crystals Othrorombic and monoclinic modifications |
| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
360.0±11.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
169-171 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
208.4±5.7 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.697
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| LogP |
1.38
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
9
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| Complexity |
103
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
N1([H])C([H])=NC2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C12
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| InChi Key |
HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C7H6N2/c1-2-4-7-6(3-1)8-5-9-7/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
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| Chemical Name |
1H-benzimidazole
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.4645 mL | 42.3227 mL | 84.6453 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.6929 mL | 8.4645 mL | 16.9291 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8465 mL | 4.2323 mL | 8.4645 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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