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Balixafortide (POL-6326), a synthetic cyclopeptide derived from polyphemusin, is a novel, potent and orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4, IC 50=10 nM) with anticancer activity. CXCR4 is a member of the G-coupled protein receptor (GPCR) transmembrane receptor class. Balixafortide is a very potent, well tolerated and highly selective next generation CXCR4 antagonist derived over the past decade through multiple rounds of optimization starting from the natural product polyphemusin. Clinical proof-of-concept was achieved in a Ph 1/2 study in combination with Eribulin in metastatic HER2-neg breast cancer. The anti-cancer effects and pluripotent action of Balixafortide may include sensitization of tumor cells to chemotherapy, suppression of metastatic spread, inhibition of angiogenesis, and activation of the immune system.
| Targets |
CXCR4 ( IC50 < 10 nM )
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Benaxafortide significantly reduces pERK/pAKT signaling in the lymphoma lines Jurkat (IC50 < 400 nM) and Namalwa (IC50 < 200 nM). In MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells (IC50 < 20 nM), Namalwa and Jurkat cells (IC50 < 10 nM), benaxafortide effectively inhibits SDF-1 dependent chemotaxis (Table 1)[1].
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| ln Vivo |
Balixafortide has been optimized with balanced plasma protein binding, increased plasma and microsomal stability, and favorable mouse absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties in mind[1].
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| Enzyme Assay |
Balixafortide was tested in a HTRF-based CXCR4 ligand binding assay, in functional assays (Calcium flux and beta arrestin), and further profiled in a large panel of other receptors including CXCR7. Effects on tumor cell sensitization were followed with an intracellular pERK / pAKT signaling assay. Tumor cell migration was assessed by chemotaxis assays, and inhibition of angiogenesis was determined by HUVEC sprouting. Evidence for immune cell activation came from evaluation of corresponding marker such as interferon gamma. Balixafortide was in detail profiled in an extensive in vitro ADME panel[1].
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| Cell Assay |
Balixafortide binds CXCR4 with high affinity (IC50 < 10nM). It blocks beta arrestin recruitment and Calcium flux with IC50s < 10nM. A high 1000-fold selectivity window was demonstrated in a large panel of receptors including CXCR7. Balixafortide potently inhibits pERK / pAKT signaling in the lymphoma lines Namalwa (IC50 < 200 nM) and Jurkat (IC50 < 400 nM). Balixafortide efficiently blocks SDF-1 dependent chemotaxis of MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells (IC50 < 20 nM), Namalwa and Jurkat cells (IC50 < 10 nM). Receptor occupancy wash-out studies with competitive antibody 12G5 revealed prolonged binding of Balixafortide to CXCR4. In addition, Balixafortide was optimized for favorable mouse and human ADME properties with balanced plasma protein binding, greater plasma and microsomal stability[1].
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| Animal Protocol |
C57BL/6NCrl wild-type (WT) mice, domestic (DanBred hybrid) female pigs
8 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg IV |
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
Balixafortide is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03786094 (Pivotal Study in HER2 Negative, Locally Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer).
Balixafortide is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) with receptor binding and hematopoietic stem cell-mobilization activities. Balixafortide binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation. This may induce the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow into blood. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregulated in several tumor cell types; CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction induces retention of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. Drug Indication Treatment of breast cancer |
| Molecular Formula |
C84H118N24O21S2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1864.1
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| Exact Mass |
1862.83
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 49.00; H, 5.53; F, 7.75; N, 15.24; O, 19.58; S, 2.91
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| CAS # |
1051366-32-5
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| Related CAS # |
Balixafortide TFA; 1051366-32-5
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| PubChem CID |
138752609
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| Sequence |
Cyclo(Ala-Cys-Ser-Ala-{D-Pro}-{Dab}-Arg-Tyr-Cys-Tyr-Gln-Lys-{D-Pro}-Pro-Tyr-His) (Disulfide bridge: Cys2-Cys9)
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| SequenceShortening |
Cyclo(ACSA-{D-Pro}-{Dab}-RYCYQK-{D-Pro}-PYH) (Disulfide bridge: Cys2-Cys9)
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| LogP |
-3.5
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
24
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
29
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
23
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| Heavy Atom Count |
131
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| Complexity |
3970
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
16
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| SMILES |
C[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H]2CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H]3CCCN3C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC2=O)CO)C)CCN)CCCNC(=N)N)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H]5CCCN5C(=O)[C@@H]6CCCN6C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NN1)CC7=CN=CN7)CC8=CC=C(C=C8)O)CCCCN)CCC(=O)N)CC9=CC=C(C=C9)O
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| InChi Key |
OYWQJZAVFWOOBF-WBMPNIIXSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C84H118N24O21S2/c1-44-70(116)102-62-41-130-131-42-63(77(123)98-57(35-46-14-20-50(110)21-15-46)69(115)68(114)53(10-5-31-91-84(88)89)94-73(119)56(28-30-86)97-79(125)64-11-6-32-106(64)81(127)45(2)93-76(122)61(40-109)101-78(62)124)103-74(120)58(36-47-16-22-51(111)23-17-47)99-72(118)55(26-27-67(87)113)95-71(117)54(9-3-4-29-85)96-80(126)65-12-7-33-107(65)83(129)66-13-8-34-108(66)82(128)60(37-48-18-24-52(112)25-19-48)100-75(121)59(105-104-44)38-49-39-90-43-92-49/h14-25,39,43-45,53-66,104-105,109-112H,3-13,26-38,40-42,85-86H2,1-2H3,(H2,87,113)(H,90,92)(H,93,122)(H,94,119)(H,95,117)(H,96,126)(H,97,125)(H,98,123)(H,99,118)(H,100,121)(H,101,124)(H,102,116)(H,103,120)(H4,88,89,91)/t44-,45-,53-,54-,55-,56-,57-,58-,59-,60-,61-,62-,63-,64+,65+,66-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
3-[(1R,4S,7S,10S,16S,22R,25S,28S,31S,34R,37S,40S,43S,46R,52S,55S)-25-(4-aminobutyl)-43-(2-aminoethyl)-40-(3-carbamimidamidopropyl)-55-(hydroxymethyl)-10,31,37-tris[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-7-(1H-imidazol-5-ylmethyl)-4,52-dimethyl-3,8,11,17,23,26,29,32,35,38,39,42,45,51,54,57-hexadecaoxo-59,60-dithia-2,5,6,9,12,18,24,27,30,33,36,41,44,50,53,56-hexadecazapentacyclo[32.23.4.012,16.018,22.046,50]henhexacontan-28-yl]propanamide
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| Synonyms |
Balixafortide; POL 6326; POL6326; POL6326; Cyclo(L-alanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-seryl-L-alanyl-D-prolyl-(2S)-2,4-diaminobutanoyl-L-arginyl-L-tyrosyl-L-cysteinyl-L-tyrosyl-L-glutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-prolyl-L-prolyl-L-tyrosyl-L-histidyl), cyclic (2->9)-disulfide; Balixafortide [INN]; Balixafortide [USAN]; 11-Dideuterolinoleic acid; Balixafortide(POL6326); POL6326
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
Water: ~100 mg/mL
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.5365 mL | 2.6823 mL | 5.3645 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1073 mL | 0.5365 mL | 1.0729 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0536 mL | 0.2682 mL | 0.5365 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT01837095 | Completed | Drug: POL6326 | Metastatic Breast Cancer | Polyphor Ltd. | June 2013 | Phase 1 |
| NCT01841476 | Recruiting | Drug: POL6326 | Healthy | Polyphor Ltd. | February 2012 | Phase 1 |
| NCT01105403 | Completed | Drug: POL6326 | Multiple Myeloma | Polyphor Ltd. | April 2009 | Phase 2 |
| NCT01413568 | Completed | Drug: POL6326 Procedure: Leukapheresis |
Myeloproliferative Disorders Multiple Myeloma (MM) |
Polyphor Ltd. | April 2012 | Phase 1 Phase 2 |
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