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100mg | ||
250mg | ||
500mg |
ln Vitro |
The human heart sodium channel (hNav1.5) is interacting with tomoxetine (1-100 µM; 0.5-20 sec; tsA201 cells) in a state- and dose-dependent way [2].
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ln Vivo |
Tomoxetine (0.3-3 mg/kg; i.p.; 0-4 hours; male Sprague-Dawley rats) increases extracellular norepinephrine and dopamine 3-fold and increases intracellular Expression of Fos[1]. Tomoxetine (0.1-5 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection and oral administration; for 14 days; spontaneously hypertensive rats) can improve ADHD-related behaviors in rats [3].
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Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male SD (SD (Sprague-Dawley)) rat [1]
Doses: 0.3, 1 and 3 mg/kg Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection; 4 hrs (hrs (hours)) Experimental Results: The number of cells expressing Fos-like immunoreactivity increased 3.7-fold in the PFC, extracellular Norepinephrine and dopamine increase 3-fold. Animal/Disease Models: Spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) [3] Doses: 0.1, 0.3, 1.25 and 5.0 mg/kg Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection and oral administration; continued for 14 days Experimental Results: No effect on measurements of locomotor activity. |
References |
[1]. Turner M, et, al. Effects of atomoxetine on locomotor activity and impulsivity in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Behav Brain Res. 2013 Apr 15;243:28-37.
[2]. Föhr KJ, et, al. Block of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels by Atomoxetine in a State- and Use-dependent Manner. Front Pharmacol. 2021 Feb 25;12:622489. [3]. Bymaster FP, et, al. Atomoxetine increases extracellular levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in prefrontal cortex of rat: a potential mechanism for efficacy in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2002 Nov;27(5):699-711. |
Molecular Formula |
C17H21NO
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Molecular Weight |
255.35474
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CAS # |
83015-26-3
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Related CAS # |
Atomoxetine hydrochloride;82248-59-7;(Rac)-Atomoxetine-d7 hydrochloride;Atomoxetine-d3 hydrochloride;1217776-38-9
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SMILES |
CC1=CC=CC=C1O[C@H](CCNC)C2=CC=CC=C2
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Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 :Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
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Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 3.9162 mL | 19.5810 mL | 39.1619 mL | |
5 mM | 0.7832 mL | 3.9162 mL | 7.8324 mL | |
10 mM | 0.3916 mL | 1.9581 mL | 3.9162 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration: mg/mL;
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation::Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.