| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
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| 1g | |||
| 2g | |||
| 5g | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
GABA receptor (γ-aminobutyric acid receptor). Afloqualone acts as an agonist of the GABA receptor, enhancing GABAergic neurotransmission and producing sedative and muscle-relaxant effects. The compound binds to GABA-A receptors and potentiates GABA-induced currents. Its mechanism of action is similar to that of other centrally acting muscle relaxants that modulate GABAergic signaling in the central nervous system.
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| ln Vitro |
Afloqualone exhibits muscle-relaxant and sedative properties through its action as a GABA receptor agonist. The compound has been shown to potentiate GABA-induced currents in cultured cells expressing specific GABA-A receptor subtypes. Its efficacy as a muscle relaxant has been demonstrated in clinical studies, where it was effective in reducing spasticity and muscle spasms. The compound has a molecular weight of 283.30 g/mol.
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| ln Vivo |
Afloqualone has been evaluated in clinical studies for its muscle-relaxant effects. In a clinical evaluation, Afloqualone (20 mg/tablet) was administered orally per day for two to four weeks to reduce masticatory myofascial pain. The compound has been used in the management of various spastic conditions, including cerebral palsy, cervical spondylosis, and multiple sclerosis. It is a centrally acting muscle relaxant with established clinical efficacy.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro receptor binding assay for Afloqualone typically involves measuring its binding affinity to the GABA-A receptor by assessing its ability to displace a radiolabeled ligand. Membranes from cells expressing specific GABA-A receptor subtypes are incubated with the radiolabeled ligand and varying concentrations of the test compound. The binding affinity (Ki or IC50) is determined from the displacement curve. The compound's ability to potentiate GABA-induced currents can also be assessed using electrophysiological methods.
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| Cell Assay |
The in vitro cellular assay for Afloqualone typically involves the use of cultured cells expressing specific GABA-A receptor subtypes. Cells are treated with GABA alone or in combination with varying concentrations of the compound, and the GABA-induced currents are measured using patch-clamp electrophysiology. The potentiation of GABA-induced currents by Afloqualone is quantified to assess its modulatory effects on GABA-A receptor function.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Afloqualone would typically involve the use of rodent models to assess its muscle-relaxant and sedative effects. Animals would be administered the compound via appropriate routes (e.g., oral or intraperitoneal), and muscle relaxation would be assessed using standard tests such as the rotarod test or the inclined plane test. Sedative effects would be evaluated using open field or locomotor activity tests.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
It is known that afluquinone's metabolites in humans include afluquinone N-glucuronide. The pharmacokinetic properties of Afloqualone have been studied in humans. The compound is metabolized in humans to Afloqualone N-glucuronide. It has a melting point of 195-196°C and a LogP of 1.28, indicating moderate lipophilicity. The compound shows good solubility in DMSO (≥33 mg/mL) and should be stored at -20°C for long-term preservation. Further detailed PK parameters are available from the manufacturer's data sheets. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicology data for Afloqualone are not extensively reported in the public domain. The compound is intended for research use only and should be handled with appropriate laboratory safety precautions. Standard safety assessments would be required before any clinical application. Researchers should consult the safety data sheet for detailed handling and disposal information.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Afloqualone is an organic molecular entity.
Afloqualone is also known as HQ-495, HQ495, and HQ 495. It is a centrally acting muscle relaxant and GABA receptor agonist with sedative and muscle-relaxant effects. The compound was first synthesized in the 1970s and has been used in medical, environmental, and industrial research. It is a synthetic quinazolinone derivative. The molecular formula is C16H14FN3O and the compound has a purity of ≥98%. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H14FN3O
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
283.3064
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| Exact Mass |
283.112
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| CAS # |
56287-74-2
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| PubChem CID |
2040
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
492.5±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
195-196ºC
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| Flash Point |
251.7±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.642
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| LogP |
1.28
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
21
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| Complexity |
439
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
VDOSWXIDETXFET-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H14FN3O/c1-10-4-2-3-5-14(10)20-15(9-17)19-13-7-6-11(18)8-12(13)16(20)21/h2-8H,9,18H2,1H3
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| Chemical Name |
6-amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-3-(2-methylphenyl)quinazolin-4-one
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| Synonyms |
HQ 495. Afloqualone HQ495 HQ-495
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ≥ 33 mg/mL (~116.48 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.5297 mL | 17.6485 mL | 35.2970 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7059 mL | 3.5297 mL | 7.0594 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3530 mL | 1.7649 mL | 3.5297 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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