| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| Targets |
Abecarnil targets the GABAA receptor, a major inhibitory neurotransmitter receptor in the central nervous system. It acts as a positive allosteric modulator, meaning it binds to a site distinct from the GABA binding site and enhances the receptor's response to GABA. This results in increased inhibitory neurotransmission, which is the basis for its anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects. Its high affinity for the benzodiazepine site is demonstrated by its IC50 of 0.82 nM.
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| ln Vitro |
Rat cortical membranes are better able to bind t-[35S]butylbicyclic phosphorothioate when bevacarnal is present [1]. Compared to diazepam (DZP), abelanil has a 3–6 times greater affinity for forebrain BZ receptors [1].
In vitro, Abecarnil demonstrates high affinity for the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor, displacing [3H]lormetazepam with an IC50 of 0.82 nM. This indicates its potent binding to the receptor. As a positive allosteric modulator, it enhances the effects of GABA in functional assays measuring chloride flux or neuronal inhibition. Specific EC50 values are not provided in the available sources. |
| ln Vivo |
Abecarnil (0.3 mg/kg, IP, once) antagonizes the rise in neuroactive hormones caused by foot shock [2]. Abecarnil (0-2.5 mg/kg, IP, once) dose-dependently decreases epileptic activity [3]. Abecarnil is efficacious against sound-induced convulsions in DBA/2 mice, air blast-induced generalized seizures in gerbils, and myoclonus in baboon baboons [4]. Abecarnil is 2-10 times more powerful than DZP in most tests of anxiolytic activity in rodents and in lowering locomotor activity in mice and rats completely accustomed to the testing room [1].
In vivo, Abecarnil has been studied for its anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties in animal models. It is a metabolically stable compound that acts at benzodiazepine receptors. Specific in vivo efficacy data, such as effects in animal models of anxiety or seizures, are not detailed in the available sources. It has been studied in clinical settings for its potential therapeutic effects in anxiety disorders. |
| Enzyme Assay |
A cell-free assay for Abecarnil would involve measuring its binding affinity to the GABAA receptor using radioligand binding assays. Membrane preparations from rat cerebral cortex are incubated with [3H]lormetazepam and varying concentrations of Abecarnil. The concentration required to displace 50% of the specific binding (IC50) is determined, which for Abecarnil is 0.82 nM.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for Abecarnil would typically involve measuring its effects on GABAA receptor-mediated currents using electrophysiological techniques. Cells expressing GABAA receptors are treated with the compound in the presence of GABA, and the potentiation of chloride currents is measured. These assays confirm its activity as a positive allosteric modulator.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male SD (SD (Sprague-Dawley)) CD rats (200-250 g) [2]
Doses: 0.3 mg/kg Route of Administration: IP, once, 30 minutes before sacrifice Experimental Results: failed to change basal pregnenolone and Progesterone only slightly diminished elevated THDOC levels but antagonized the foot-shock-induced increase in neuroactive steroids. Animal/Disease Models: WAG/Rij rats (male and female, 190-380 g each, 13-19 weeks old, 8 rats per group) [3] Doses: 0, 0.16, 0.4, 1.0, 2.5 mg/kg; 1 mL/400 g Route of Administration: IP, once Experimental Results: diminished duration of spike discharges and increased immobility behavior. Dose-dependent reduction in epileptic activity, whether measured as number, mean duration, or total duration of spike discharges. The ED50 for reducing the number of sharp wave discharges in the second hour is 0.4 mg/kg. In vivo animal experiments for Abecarnil have been conducted in animal models of anxiety and seizures. Specific protocols, such as the elevated plus maze or the pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model, are not detailed in the available sources. The compound has also been studied in humans for its potential therapeutic effects in anxiety disorders. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Abecarnil has a molecular formula of C24H24N2O4 and a molecular weight of 404.46 g/mol. Its CAS number is 111841-85-1. Specific pharmacokinetic parameters, such as half-life and bioavailability, are not provided in the available sources. The compound is described as metabolically stable.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity data for Abecarnil are not detailed in the available sources. As an investigational drug, its safety profile has been evaluated in clinical studies. However, specific toxicological information is not provided in the references cited. It is intended for research use and is not for human consumption.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Abecarnil (CAS: 111841-85-1) is a beta-carboline derivative with anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties. It is also known as ZK-112119. The compound acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor and binds to the benzodiazepine site with high affinity (IC50 = 0.82 nM). It is not an approved drug and is strictly for research purposes.
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| Molecular Formula |
C24H24N2O4
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| Molecular Weight |
404.46
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| Exact Mass |
404.174
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 71.27; H, 5.98; N, 6.93; O, 15.82
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| CAS # |
111841-85-1
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| PubChem CID |
65914
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| Density |
1.246g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
620.2ºC at 760mmHg
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| Flash Point |
328.9ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
2.62E-15mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.647
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| LogP |
5.006
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
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| Heavy Atom Count |
30
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| Complexity |
565
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O(C([H])([H])C1C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C=1[H])C1C([H])=C([H])C2=C(C=1[H])C1=C(C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])[H])C(C(=O)OC([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])=NC([H])=C1N2[H]
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| InChi Key |
RLFKILXOLJVUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H24N2O4/c1-15(2)30-24(27)23-19(14-28-3)22-18-11-17(29-13-16-7-5-4-6-8-16)9-10-20(18)26-21(22)12-25-23/h4-12,15,26H,13-14H2,1-3H3
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| Chemical Name |
6-(Benzyloxy)-4-(methoxymethyl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylic acid 1-methylethyl ester
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| Synonyms |
ZK-112119Abecarnil ZK 112119 ZK112119
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4724 mL | 12.3622 mL | 24.7243 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4945 mL | 2.4724 mL | 4.9449 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2472 mL | 1.2362 mL | 2.4724 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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