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| Targets |
Malvidin chloride targets the cell cycle and apoptosis pathways. As an anthocyanidin, it acts as an antioxidant, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress. By arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and inducing apoptosis, Malvidin chloride exerts cytotoxic effects on cancer cells.
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| ln Vitro |
Malvidin exhibits dose-dependent cytotoxic action against U937 cells (0~80 μg/mL; 96 hours)[1]. Malvidin's IC50 value for U937 cells is 40 μg/mL. Malvidin (U937 cells) causes an increase in the sub G1 hypo-diploid population and exhibits cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase[1].
In vitro, Malvidin chloride displays cytotoxic effects by arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and inducing apoptosis. It exhibits dose-dependent cytotoxic action against U937 cells (0-80 μg/mL). It also demonstrates antioxidant capacity with free radical scavenging properties. These in vitro activities support its use in studying cancer and oxidative stress. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo data for Malvidin chloride is not extensively reported in publicly available sources. As a bioactive anthocyanidin with antioxidant and anticancer activities, the compound has potential applications in animal models of cancer and oxidative stress-related diseases. However, specific published in vivo efficacy studies are not detailed in the current literature. Malvidin chloride is primarily used as a research tool for studying antioxidant and anticancer mechanisms.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro cytotoxicity assay for Malvidin chloride is conducted in cancer cell lines such as U937 cells. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of Malvidin chloride (0-80 μg/mL). Cell viability is measured using standard assays such as MTT or CellTiter-Glo. Cell cycle analysis is performed by flow cytometry. Apoptosis is assessed by flow cytometry using Annexin V/PI staining.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell Viability Assay[1]
Cell Types: U937 cells Tested Concentrations: 0~80 μg/mL Incubation Duration: 96 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: demonstrated cytotoxic activity in a dose-dependent pattern. Cellular assays for Malvidin chloride are conducted in cancer cell lines. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of Malvidin chloride. Cell viability and proliferation are measured using standard assays such as MTT or CellTiter-Glo. Cell cycle distribution is analyzed by flow cytometry. Apoptosis is assessed by flow cytometry using Annexin V/PI staining. ROS levels are measured using fluorescent probes. |
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies for Malvidin chloride would typically involve xenograft mouse models of cancer or models of oxidative stress. The compound would be administered via oral or intraperitoneal routes. Efficacy would be assessed by measuring tumor growth inhibition or oxidative stress markers. However, specific published in vivo protocols for Malvidin chloride are not available in the current literature.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Malvidin chloride has a molecular weight of 366.75 and a molecular formula of C17H15ClO7. It has a CAS number of 643-84-5. As a small molecule, it is expected to have moderate bioavailability. Detailed PK parameters such as half-life and bioavailability are not extensively reported in the provided sources.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity data for Malvidin chloride is limited. As a naturally occurring anthocyanidin, it is generally recognized as safe. However, as with all research compounds, Malvidin chloride is intended for research use only and not for human therapeutic applications. Standard in vitro cytotoxicity assays and in vivo tolerability studies would be required for a complete toxicity assessment.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Malvidin chloride (Syringidin; CAS 643-84-5) is an O-methylated anthocyanidin responsible for the pigments in grapes and blueberries. It displays cytotoxic effects by arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and inducing apoptosis. It has a molecular formula of C17H15ClO7 and a molecular weight of 366.75. It is for research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C17H15CLO7
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| Molecular Weight |
366.75
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| Exact Mass |
366.051
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| CAS # |
643-84-5
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| Related CAS # |
10463-84-0 (Parent)
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| PubChem CID |
69512
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| Appearance |
Brown to dark brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.183 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
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| Boiling Point |
66-67 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
30 °F
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| Index of Refraction |
n20/D 1.335(lit.)
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| LogP |
0.224
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
25
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| Complexity |
406
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
KQIKOUUKQBTQBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C17H14O7.ClH/c1-22-14-3-8(4-15(23-2)16(14)21)17-12(20)7-10-11(19)5-9(18)6-13(10)24-17;/h3-7H,1-2H3,(H3-,18,19,20,21);1H
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| Chemical Name |
2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3,5,7-triol;chloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.7267 mL | 13.6333 mL | 27.2665 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5453 mL | 2.7267 mL | 5.4533 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2727 mL | 1.3633 mL | 2.7267 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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