| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
|
||
| 5mg |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
HIV 2.4 μM (EC50)
The molecular targets of gomisin M2 include various enzymes and signaling pathways. Lignans from Schisandra are known to activate the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response, inhibit NF-κB and inflammatory pathways, and modulate phase I and phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes. Gomisin M2 may also interact with kinases, receptors, and ion channels. The specific binding partners and mechanisms of action require further elucidation through biochemical and pharmacological studies. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies have demonstrated the biological activities of gomisin M2 and related lignans. Antioxidant activity has been shown through free radical scavenging and upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. Hepatoprotective effects have been demonstrated in cell-based models of liver injury. Anti-inflammatory activity has been shown through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and suppression of inflammatory mediators. Neuroprotective effects have been observed in neuronal cell models. Specific IC₅₀ values have been reported in the natural product literature.
|
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies have shown the efficacy of gomisin compounds in various animal models. Hepatoprotective effects have been demonstrated in models of liver injury induced by toxins such as carbon tetrachloride or alcohol. Anti-inflammatory effects have been observed in models of acute and chronic inflammation. Neuroprotective effects have been shown in models of neurodegenerative diseases. Schisandra lignans have also shown adaptogenic and stress-protective effects. Specific in vivo data for gomisin M2 are available in the natural product literature.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
For antioxidant assays, DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS, and FRAP assays are used. The compound is incubated with the radical-generating system, and absorbance is measured. For anti-inflammatory assays, macrophages or other cells are stimulated with LPS or other inflammatory stimuli, and cytokine production is measured by ELISA. NF-κB activation is assessed by reporter gene assays or Western blotting. For hepatoprotection studies, hepatocytes are treated with the compound and then exposed to hepatotoxic agents.
|
| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based studies, hepatocytes (e.g., HepG2 cells) are used for hepatoprotection studies. Cells are treated with gomisin M2 and then exposed to CCl₄, H₂O₂, or other hepatotoxic agents. Cell viability is assessed using MTT assays. Markers of oxidative stress and inflammation are measured. For neuroprotection studies, neuronal cells (e.g., PC12 or SH-SY5Y) are treated with the compound and then exposed to neurotoxic agents. Cell viability and markers of oxidative stress are assessed.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for gomisin M2 typically use mouse or rat models. For hepatoprotection, animals are treated with gomisin M2 and then challenged with CCl₄ or other hepatotoxins. Serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST) are measured, and liver histology is examined. For anti-inflammatory studies, carrageenan-induced paw edema or other models are used. For neuroprotection studies, models of Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease may be used. The compound is administered via oral or intraperitoneal routes.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of gomisin M2 have not been extensively characterized. As a lignan with moderate lipophilicity, it is expected to have reasonable oral bioavailability. The compound likely undergoes extensive metabolism via CYP450 enzymes. Specific PK parameters such as half-life, clearance, and bioavailability have not been extensively reported. Further pharmacokinetic studies are needed to understand its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for gomisin M2 are limited. As a natural product from a traditionally used medicinal plant, it is expected to have a favorable safety profile. Schisandra lignans are generally considered safe and are used in traditional medicine. However, systematic toxicological studies including acute and repeated-dose toxicity have not been published for gomisin M2 specifically. Standard safety assessments would be needed for therapeutic development.
|
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
Gomisin M2 has been reported to exist in Schisandra chinensis, and relevant data are available for reference. See also: Schisandra chinensis fruit (partial).
Gomisin M2 is a research compound used in studies of lignans and their pharmacological activities. Schisandra chinensis is used in traditional medicine for liver protection, stress adaptation, and cognitive enhancement. Gomisin M2 and related lignans are used as reference standards for natural product analysis. No clinical trials have been reported specifically for gomisin M2. The compound serves as a research tool for studying antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective mechanisms. |
| Molecular Formula |
C22H26O6
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
386.44
|
| Exact Mass |
386.172
|
| CAS # |
82425-45-4
|
| PubChem CID |
14992068
|
| Appearance |
White to yellow solid powder
|
| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
558.7±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Flash Point |
291.7±30.1 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.6 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.564
|
| LogP |
5.34
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
28
|
| Complexity |
529
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
|
| SMILES |
C[C@@H]1CC2=CC3=C(C(=C2C4=C(C(=C(C=C4C[C@@H]1C)OC)OC)OC)O)OCO3
|
| InChi Key |
PDDXWOMYBJCSQB-NEPJUHHUSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C22H26O6/c1-11-6-13-9-16-20(28-10-27-16)19(23)17(13)18-14(7-12(11)2)8-15(24-3)21(25-4)22(18)26-5/h8-9,11-12,23H,6-7,10H2,1-5H3/t11-,12+/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(9S,10R)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-9,10-dimethyl-15,17-dioxatetracyclo[10.7.0.02,7.014,18]nonadeca-1(19),2,4,6,12,14(18)-hexaen-19-ol
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.5877 mL | 12.9386 mL | 25.8772 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5175 mL | 2.5877 mL | 5.1754 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2588 mL | 1.2939 mL | 2.5877 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
