| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Citric acid-13C6 itself does not have a traditional biological target; it is a stable isotope-labeled tracer. The parent compound citric acid is a key intermediate in the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), which is central to cellular respiration in aerobic organisms. Citric acid-13C6 is used to track carbon flux through metabolic pathways, including the TCA cycle, gluconeogenesis, and fatty acid synthesis. It serves as a metabolic tracer for studying energy metabolism and biosynthetic pathways.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
Citric acid-13C6 does not exhibit direct in vitro biological activity as it is an isotopically labeled tracer rather than a bioactive compound. However, the parent compound citric acid is a naturally occurring metabolite involved in energy production and biosynthesis. In cell culture studies, citric acid-13C6 is used to trace metabolic pathways by monitoring the incorporation of ¹³C into downstream metabolites using mass spectrometry. |
| ln Vivo |
Citric acid-13C6 is not administered as a therapeutic agent; it is used as a metabolic tracer in in vivo studies. When administered to animal models, it allows researchers to track carbon flow through metabolic pathways, including the TCA cycle, lipogenesis, and gluconeogenesis. The labeled compound is used to study metabolic flux, assess mitochondrial function, and investigate metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for citric acid-13C6 are not applicable, as it is a metabolic tracer rather than a bioactive compound. Quality control assays involve HPLC or mass spectrometry to verify isotopic purity (≥98 atom % ¹³C) and chemical purity. The compound is also tested for solubility and stability under recommended storage conditions. It is soluble in water and other polar solvents.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for citric acid-13C6 involve metabolic tracing studies rather than traditional bioactivity assays. Cells are cultured in media containing citric acid-13C6, and the incorporation of ¹³C into metabolic intermediates is measured by LC-MS or GC-MS. These studies allow researchers to quantify metabolic flux through the TCA cycle and other pathways. The compound is used to study cellular metabolism in various cell types, including cancer cells and primary cells.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for citric acid-13C6 involve metabolic tracing experiments. Animals are administered citric acid-13C6 via oral, intravenous, or intraperitoneal routes. Blood, tissues, and excreta are collected at various time points, and the ¹³C enrichment in metabolites is measured by mass spectrometry. These studies provide insights into whole-body metabolism, including glucose and lipid metabolism, and are used in metabolic disease research.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Citric acid-13C6 has a molecular formula of ¹³C₆H₈O₇ and a molecular weight of 198.08. The compound appears as a white crystalline powder with a purity of ≥98% and an isotopic enrichment of ≥98 atom % ¹³C. It is soluble in water and is stable under recommended storage conditions. The compound is intended for research use only and is not for human consumption.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of citric acid-13C6 is not extensively characterized, as it is a stable isotope-labeled tracer rather than a therapeutic agent. The parent compound citric acid is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) as a food additive and is naturally present in the body. Standard safety data for handling isotopically labeled compounds in laboratory settings would apply. Citric acid-13C6 is intended for research use only and is not approved for clinical use.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Citric acid-13C6 (CAS 287389-42-8) is a uniformly ¹³C-labeled isotopologue of citric acid, wherein all six carbon atoms are substituted with the stable carbon-13 isotope. It has a molecular formula of ¹³C₆H₈O₇ and a molecular weight of 198.08. Citric acid is a weak organic tricarboxylic acid found in citrus fruits and is a natural preservative. This labeled compound is essential for studies involving metabolic pathways, the Krebs cycle, and cellular respiration. It is intended for research use only and is not approved for clinical use.
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| Molecular Formula |
13C6H8O7
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
198.08
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| Exact Mass |
198.047
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| CAS # |
287389-42-8
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| Related CAS # |
Citric acid;77-92-9
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| PubChem CID |
16217547
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| Melting Point |
153-159 °C(lit.)
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| LogP |
-1.7
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
227
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
[13CH2]([13C](=O)O)[13C]([13CH2][13C](=O)O)([13C](=O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-IDEBNGHGSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H8O7/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12)/i1+1,2+1,3+1,4+1,5+1,6+1
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| Chemical Name |
2-hydroxy(1,2,3-13C3)propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.0485 mL | 25.2423 mL | 50.4847 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0097 mL | 5.0485 mL | 10.0969 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5048 mL | 2.5242 mL | 5.0485 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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