| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Targets |
The primary target of 5-NIdR is translesion DNA synthesis (TLS), a process that allows cells to replicate damaged DNA. It is a potent inhibitor of TLS activity. Conversion of this compound to the corresponding nucleoside triphosphate, 5-nitroindolyl-2'-deoxyriboside triphosphate, in vivo creates a potent inhibitor of several human DNA polymerases that can replicate damaged DNA. The compound causes apoptosis in cancer cells and arrests the cell cycle in the G0 phase.
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| ln Vitro |
In a dose-dependent way, 5-NIdR (12.5-100 μM; 24-72 hours) suppresses the development of human glioblastoma cell lines (U87, A172, and SW1088) [1]. In U87 cells, 5-NIdR (1-100 μg/mL; 72 h) causes apoptosis, while 100 μg/mL overnight incubation stops the cell cycle in the G0 phase [1].
In vitro, 5-NIdR is a potent inhibitor of translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) activity. It causes apoptosis in cancer cells and arrests the cell cycle in the G0 phase. The compound enhances the antitumor efficacy of temozolomide in a mouse glioblastoma model. It is widely applied in cancer and tumor microenvironment research to study hypoxia-driven genomic instability, therapy resistance, and cellular responses to oxygen deprivation. |
| ln Vivo |
In a mouse xenograft model of glioblastoma, 5-NIdR (100 mg/kg; i.p.; 5 consecutive days) in conjunction with temozolomide (40 mg/kg) produced total tumor shrinkage. Temozolomide by itself can only slow the growth of tumors [1].
In vivo, 5-NIdR enhances the antitumor efficacy of temozolomide in a mouse glioblastoma model. The compound's conversion to the corresponding nucleoside triphosphate in vivo creates a potent inhibitor of several human DNA polymerases that can replicate damaged DNA. It is used in vivo models to study hypoxia-driven genomic instability and therapy resistance. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for 5-NIdR typically involve studying its effects on DNA polymerases involved in translesion DNA synthesis. The compound is converted to its triphosphate form and tested for inhibition of human DNA polymerases. Polymerase activity is measured using radioactive or fluorescent nucleotide incorporation assays. The IC50 values are calculated from dose-response curves. The compound demonstrates potent inhibition of TLS polymerases.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for 5-NIdR involve testing its effects on cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Cancer cells are treated with varying concentrations of 5-NIdR (0.1-100 µM) for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CCK-8 assays. Apoptosis is measured by Annexin V/PI staining and caspase activity assays. Cell cycle analysis is performed by flow cytometry. The compound causes apoptosis and G0 phase arrest in cancer cells.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for 5-NIdR involve efficacy testing in tumor-bearing models. Mice implanted with glioblastoma cells are treated with 5-NIdR alone or in combination with temozolomide. Tumor volume and body weight are monitored over 2-4 weeks. The compound enhances the antitumor efficacy of temozolomide in a mouse glioblastoma model.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
5-NIdR has a molecular formula of C13H14N2O5 and a molecular weight of 278.26. It appears as a light yellow to yellow solid with a purity of 98%+. The compound is a synthetic, non-natural nucleoside analog. It is intended for research use only and is not for human consumption.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of 5-NIdR has not been extensively characterized. As a nucleoside analog, it may have cytotoxic effects similar to other antimetabolites. Standard toxicity studies would include assessment of body weight changes, hematological parameters, and histopathological examination of major organs in animal models. The compound is intended for research use only and is not approved for clinical use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
5-NIdR (CAS 191421-10-0) is a synthetic, non-natural nucleoside analog distinguished by its 5-nitroindole base. It has a molecular formula of C13H14N2O5 and a molecular weight of 278.26. The compound is a potent inhibitor of translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) and causes apoptosis in cancer cells and arrests the cell cycle in the G0 phase. It enhances the antitumor efficacy of temozolomide in a mouse glioblastoma model. It is intended for research use only and is not approved for clinical use.
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| Molecular Formula |
C13H14N2O5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
278.26
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| Exact Mass |
278.09
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| CAS # |
191421-10-0
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| PubChem CID |
15817525
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| LogP |
1.713
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
20
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| Complexity |
374
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
3
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| SMILES |
C1[C@@H]([C@H](O[C@H]1N2C=CC3=C2C=CC(=C3)[N+](=O)[O-])CO)O
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| InChi Key |
ODPRBLIUAVWXNM-YNEHKIRRSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C13H14N2O5/c16-7-12-11(17)6-13(20-12)14-4-3-8-5-9(15(18)19)1-2-10(8)14/h1-5,11-13,16-17H,6-7H2/t11-,12+,13+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,3S,5R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(5-nitroindol-1-yl)oxolan-3-ol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: ~100 mg/mL (~359.4 mM; with ultrasonication)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.98 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL of PEG300 and mix well; then add 50 μL of Tween-80 and mix well; finally add 450 μL of physiological saline and adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.98 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD saline and mix well. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.98 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL of corn oil and mix well. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.5938 mL | 17.9688 mL | 35.9376 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7188 mL | 3.5938 mL | 7.1875 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3594 mL | 1.7969 mL | 3.5938 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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