| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
|
| Targets |
PARP-1
5-AIQ targets poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), a nuclear enzyme that is activated by DNA strand breaks. Upon activation, PARP-1 catalyzes the synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) chains on itself and other proteins, a process that is essential for recruiting DNA repair machinery. However, excessive PARP-1 activation, which occurs during severe oxidative stress, can deplete cellular NAD⁺ and ATP, leading to energy failure and cell death. By inhibiting PARP-1, 5-AIQ prevents this detrimental cascade and protects cells from necrosis. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
5-AIQ(5000 μg) dramatically lowers the number of colonies of TA 98, TA 1537, and TA 98 with metabolic activation[1], as well as TA 98 without it.
In vitro, 5-AIQ functions as a water-soluble PARP-1 inhibitor. Its ability to inhibit PARP-1 is typically assessed in cell-free enzymatic assays. By blocking PARP-1 activity, it prevents the formation of PAR polymers, which can be measured using biochemical assays. This inhibition is relevant in models of oxidative stress, where it can protect cells from PARP-1-mediated cell death. |
| ln Vivo |
5-AIQ (150 and 250 mg/kg; p.o.; once) has no system that is noticeably genotoxic in vivo according to the micronucleus test[1].
5-AIQ (3 mg/kg; p.o.; 5 min before onset of liver ischemia) lessens the tissue damage brought on by the liver's ischemia-reperfusion[2]. In vivo, 5-AIQ has demonstrated a protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury. In a model of liver ischemia-reperfusion, administration of 5-AIQ reduced the associated tissue injury. This protective effect is attributed to the inhibition of PARP-1, which prevents the excessive consumption of NAD⁺ and ATP during the reperfusion phase, thereby limiting cellular necrosis and inflammation. |
| Enzyme Assay |
The inhibitory activity of 5-AIQ against PARP-1 is assessed using in vitro enzyme assays. Recombinant PARP-1 enzyme is incubated with a DNA substrate, NAD⁺, and varying concentrations of 5-AIQ. The reaction is typically monitored by measuring the incorporation of biotinylated-NAD⁺ into PAR polymers or by detecting the remaining NAD⁺. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) is then calculated from the dose-response curve.
|
| Cell Assay |
The cellular activity of 5-AIQ is evaluated in various cell culture models of oxidative stress or DNA damage. Cells are treated with the compound prior to exposure to a damaging agent, such as hydrogen peroxide or an alkylating agent. The extent of PAR formation, cell viability, and markers of cell death (e.g., apoptosis or necrosis) are then measured. The compound's ability to protect cells from PARP-1-mediated cell death is a key readout of its cellular activity.
|
| Animal Protocol |
Male mice
150 and 250 mg/kg Oral administration; 150 and 250 mg/kg; once In animal studies, 5-AIQ is typically administered via intraperitoneal (i.p.) or intravenous (i.v.) injection. In the liver ischemia-reperfusion model, it would be given before the ischemic event or at the time of reperfusion. Following the procedure, tissue damage is assessed by measuring liver enzyme levels (ALT, AST) in the plasma and by histological examination of liver sections. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of 5-AIQ are not extensively detailed in the provided literature. However, its water-soluble nature is highlighted, which is an advantage for pharmaceutical formulation and administration. This property facilitates its use in both in vitro and in vivo studies. For any in vivo application, its solubility, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profile would need to be determined.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicology data for 5-AIQ is not provided in the available literature. As a research compound, its safety profile has not been established in formal toxicology studies. However, its use in animal models at protective doses suggests it is tolerated at those concentrations. The compound is for research use only and not for human therapeutic applications.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
5-Amino-2H-isoquinoline-1-one is a member of the isoquinoline class of compounds.
5-AIQ (CAS: 93117-08-9) is a water-soluble PARP-1 inhibitor used as a research tool. With a molecular weight of 160.17 and a chemical formula of C9H8N2O, it is a simple yet effective compound for studying the role of PARP-1 in various pathological conditions, particularly those involving ischemia-reperfusion injury. Its water solubility makes it a convenient tool for biological studies, and its ability to reduce tissue injury highlights its potential therapeutic relevance. |
| Molecular Formula |
C9H8N2O
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
160.173
|
| Exact Mass |
160.063
|
| CAS # |
93117-08-9
|
| PubChem CID |
2072
|
| Appearance |
Yellow to brown solid powder
|
| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
477.3±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Flash Point |
242.4±28.7 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.657
|
| LogP |
-0.15
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
12
|
| Complexity |
225
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
SVASVGVAQIVSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H8N2O/c10-8-3-1-2-7-6(8)4-5-11-9(7)12/h1-5H,10H2,(H,11,12)
|
| Chemical Name |
5-amino-2H-isoquinolin-1-one
|
| Synonyms |
5-Aminoisoquinolin-1-one; 5-AIQ
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.2434 mL | 31.2168 mL | 62.4337 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.2487 mL | 6.2434 mL | 12.4867 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6243 mL | 3.1217 mL | 6.2434 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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