| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
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| 1g | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
2-Phenylethylamine targets the central nervous system, where it acts as a neuromodulator. It stimulates the release of norepinephrine and dopamine. It does not have a single specific receptor target but rather modulates monoaminergic neurotransmission. Its effects are mediated through its action on trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) and by promoting the release of other neurotransmitters.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 2-phenylethylamine is studied for its effects on neurotransmitter release and receptor activity. It can be used in cell-based assays to study monoamine transporter function or receptor signaling. Its activity is often compared to other trace amines and amphetamines. It is metabolized by monoamine oxidases (MAO) as well as other enzymes.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, 2-phenylethylamine is believed to function as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter. It has been suggested to play a role in mood regulation and is sometimes referred to as an "endogenous amphetamine." However, it is rapidly metabolized and has a short half-life, which limits its central effects.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for 2-phenylethylamine typically involve studying its effects on neurotransmitter transporters or receptors. For example, its ability to inhibit the reuptake of dopamine or norepinephrine can be measured using cell lines expressing the respective transporters. Its binding affinity to trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) can be assessed in radioligand binding assays.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays are performed using neuronal cell lines or primary neuronal cultures. Cells are treated with 2-phenylethylamine, and its effects on neurotransmitter release, calcium signaling, or gene expression are measured. For example, the release of dopamine or norepinephrine from synaptosomes or cultured neurons can be quantified.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo, 2-phenylethylamine is not typically administered as a therapeutic agent due to its rapid metabolism. However, it is used in research to study the effects of trace amines on behavior and physiology. It can be administered to animals, and its effects on locomotor activity, mood, and other behavioral parameters can be assessed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
2-Phenylethylamine hydrochloride has a molecular weight of 157.64 g/mol. It is a small, basic molecule that is rapidly metabolized by monoamine oxidase (MAO) after administration. This rapid metabolism results in a very short half-life in vivo, limiting its systemic effects. It is soluble in water and is typically administered parenterally in research settings.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
2-Phenylethylamine hydrochloride is generally considered to have low toxicity. However, as with any bioactive amine, it can have significant physiological effects at high doses. It is a controlled substance in some jurisdictions due to its stimulant properties. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound.
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| Additional Infomation |
2-Phenylethylamine hydrochloride is a naturally occurring monoamine alkaloid and neuromodulator. It is used in research to study the function of trace amines in the central nervous system. It stimulates the release of norepinephrine and dopamine and is metabolized by monoamine oxidases. It is a valuable tool for studying neurochemistry and behavior.
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| Molecular Formula |
C8H11N.HCL
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
157.64058
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| Exact Mass |
157.065
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| CAS # |
156-28-5
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| Related CAS # |
64-04-0 (Parent)
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| PubChem CID |
9075
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Boiling Point |
196.5ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
220-222 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
90.6ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.398mmHg at 25°C
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| LogP |
2.69
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
10
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| Complexity |
65
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C1=CC=C(C=C1)CCN.Cl
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| InChi Key |
SKHIBNDAFWIOPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C8H11N.ClH/c9-7-6-8-4-2-1-3-5-8;/h1-5H,6-7,9H2;1H
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| Chemical Name |
2-phenylethanamine;hydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.3436 mL | 31.7178 mL | 63.4357 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.2687 mL | 6.3436 mL | 12.6871 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6344 mL | 3.1718 mL | 6.3436 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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