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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
As a protected histidine derivative, Z-His-OH does not have a specific biological target. Its primary utility is as a chemical building block in organic synthesis, particularly in peptide chemistry. The compound serves as a protected histidine unit that can be incorporated into peptide chains while the Z group protects the amino group. Histidine is an essential amino acid involved in protein structure and as a precursor for histamine, but in its protected form, the compound is not designed to interact with biological receptors.
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| ln Vitro |
Commercial ergot supplements have been made from amino acids and their derivatives. They affect the release of anabolic hormones, the availability of fuel for activity, the ability to think clearly under pressure, and the prevention of muscular damage brought on by exertion. They are regarded as advantageous synergistic food ingredients [1].
Z-His-OH does not exhibit pharmacological activity in vitro. As a protected amino acid derivative, it is a synthetic intermediate rather than a bioactive compound. In vitro studies using this compound focus on its chemical reactivity in peptide bond formation reactions. The compound does not bind to receptors, inhibit enzymes, or produce cytotoxic effects in cell-based assays at concentrations typically used for synthesis. Its role in research is almost exclusively as a reagent for organic synthesis. |
| ln Vivo |
Z-His-OH is not a pharmacologically active compound and therefore does not have defined in vivo activity as a drug. When administered to animals, the compound would likely be metabolized to release histidine, which would then enter normal metabolic pathways. However, the compound is not used therapeutically, and its in vivo effects would be limited to those of the released histidine. Its primary value remains in synthetic chemistry, where it serves as a building block for the preparation of peptides.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for Z-His-OH are typically designed to study enzyme activity, though the compound is primarily a synthetic intermediate. A standard protocol might involve using the compound as a substrate to study the cleavage of Z protecting groups by enzymes, but this is an analytical application. The compound can be used to assess the activity of proteases or peptidases that might recognize histidine-containing sequences, but its primary use remains in peptide synthesis.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays using Z-His-OH are limited due to the compound's role as a synthetic intermediate rather than a bioactive molecule. However, it can be used in cell culture studies to investigate the intracellular delivery of histidine. Cells are cultured in media supplemented with the compound, and cellular uptake and histidine release are monitored. The effects of increased intracellular histidine on cellular metabolism can be assessed. These experiments are typically conducted in cell lines such as hepatocytes or neurons.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with Z-His-OH are not typically conducted, as the compound is a synthetic intermediate rather than a pharmacologically active agent. If used in vivo, the compound would be administered to animals to study the metabolism of protected amino acid derivatives. However, such studies are rare, and the compound is generally used exclusively in synthetic chemistry applications as a building block for the preparation of peptides and pharmaceutical compounds.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Z-His-OH is not a drug candidate, and pharmacokinetic data are not available. As a protected amino acid derivative, it is designed for chemical synthesis rather than systemic administration. If administered in vivo, the compound would likely be metabolized to release histidine. The compound's pharmacokinetic properties have not been characterized, and its use is confined to in vitro synthetic applications.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The compound is generally considered to have low toxicity, consistent with its use as a chemical reagent. The compound should be stored at -20°C for long-term stability. Standard laboratory safety precautions are recommended. It is not classified as a highly toxic substance, but appropriate safety measures should be followed.
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| References |
[1]. Luckose F, et al. Effects of amino acid derivatives on physical, mental, and physiological activities. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2015;55(13):1793-1144.
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| Additional Infomation |
Z-His-OH (N-Carbobenzyloxy-L-histidine, CAS 14997-58-1) is a protected amino acid derivative used as a building block in peptide synthesis. Its chemical formula is C14H15N3O4 and molecular weight is 289.29. The compound features a Z-protected amino group. It is intended for research use only and is not for human therapeutic applications.
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| Molecular Formula |
C14H15N3O4
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| Molecular Weight |
289.2866
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| Exact Mass |
289.106
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| CAS # |
14997-58-1
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| PubChem CID |
736313
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
616.7±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
168 °C (dec.)(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
326.8±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.614
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| LogP |
1.2
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
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| Heavy Atom Count |
21
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| Complexity |
358
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
O(C([H])([H])C1C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C=1[H])C(N([H])[C@]([H])(C(=O)O[H])C([H])([H])C1=C([H])N=C([H])N1[H])=O
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| InChi Key |
WCOJOHPAKJFUDF-LBPRGKRZSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C14H15N3O4/c18-13(19)12(6-11-7-15-9-16-11)17-14(20)21-8-10-4-2-1-3-5-10/h1-5,7,9,12H,6,8H2,(H,15,16)(H,17,20)(H,18,19)/t12-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)propanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.4567 mL | 17.2837 mL | 34.5674 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6913 mL | 3.4567 mL | 6.9135 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3457 mL | 1.7284 mL | 3.4567 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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