| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Z-Gly-Gly-Phe-OH targets proteases, particularly serine proteases such as pepsin and thermolysin. It serves as a substrate for these enzymes, and its cleavage can be monitored to measure protease activity. The Z protecting group prevents non-specific cleavage. It does not have a therapeutic target but is a research tool for studying protease function and for screening protease inhibitors.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Z-Gly-Gly-Phe-OH is used as a substrate in protease assays to measure the activity of enzymes such as pepsin and thermolysin. The compound is incubated with a protease, and the hydrolysis of the peptide bond is monitored. The released products can be detected by HPLC, mass spectrometry, or other methods. The compound is also used in studies of peptide synthesis and enzymatic activity. It does not exhibit significant pharmacological activities beyond its role as a substrate.
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| ln Vivo |
Z-Gly-Gly-Phe-OH is not a pharmacologically active compound and therefore does not have defined in vivo activity as a therapeutic agent. It is a research tool used in biochemical assays. When administered to animals, it would likely be metabolized by proteases to release its constituent amino acids. Its primary value is as a reagent for studying protease activity and for screening protease inhibitors.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for Z-Gly-Gly-Phe-OH are designed to measure protease activity. A standard protocol involves incubating the substrate with a protease in a suitable buffer at the optimal pH and temperature for the enzyme. The hydrolysis of the peptide bond is monitored by HPLC, mass spectrometry, or by using a chromogenic or fluorogenic detection method. The initial velocity is calculated, and the enzyme activity is determined. These assays are used to characterize protease activity and to screen for inhibitors.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays using Z-Gly-Gly-Phe-OH are not commonly performed, as the compound is primarily used in biochemical assays. However, it may be used in cell-based assays to study protease activity in a cellular context. Cells are lysed, and the lysate is incubated with the substrate. The hydrolysis of the substrate is measured to assess cellular protease activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with Z-Gly-Gly-Phe-OH are not typically conducted for therapeutic purposes. However, it may be used in pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic studies to measure protease activity in vivo. A typical protocol involves administering the substrate to rodents, followed by blood sampling to measure its hydrolysis. These studies help to assess the in vivo activity of proteases.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As a small peptide, Z-Gly-Gly-Phe-OH is expected to be rapidly cleared from the circulation. Its pharmacokinetic properties are characteristic of small peptides, with rapid clearance and short half-life. The compound is used primarily as a research reagent for in vitro assays, and detailed pharmacokinetic data are not typically reported.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Z-Gly-Gly-Phe-OH is generally considered to have low toxicity, consistent with its use as a research reagent. It is a peptide composed of naturally occurring amino acids. Standard laboratory safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment, are recommended. No significant systemic toxicity is anticipated at typical research doses.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Z-Gly-Gly-Phe-OH (Cbz-Gly-Gly-Phe-OH, CAS 13171-93-2) is a synthetic tripeptide with an N-terminal benzyloxycarbonyl (Z) protecting group. Its molecular formula is C₂₁H₂₃N₃O₆ and its molecular weight is 413.42 g/mol. It is a substrate for serine proteases such as pepsin and thermolysin and is used in protease assays to measure enzyme activity. It is intended for research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C21H23N3O6
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
413.4238
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| Exact Mass |
413.159
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| CAS # |
13171-93-2
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| PubChem CID |
297858
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.301 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
771.2ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
420.2ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
5.08E-25mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.587
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| LogP |
2.013
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
11
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| Heavy Atom Count |
30
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| Complexity |
585
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C1=CC=C(C=C1)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2
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| InChi Key |
PARPWSYTROKYNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H23N3O6/c25-18(12-23-21(29)30-14-16-9-5-2-6-10-16)22-13-19(26)24-17(20(27)28)11-15-7-3-1-4-8-15/h1-10,17H,11-14H2,(H,22,25)(H,23,29)(H,24,26)(H,27,28)
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| Chemical Name |
3-phenyl-2-[[2-[[2-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)acetyl]amino]acetyl]amino]propanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4188 mL | 12.0942 mL | 24.1885 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4838 mL | 2.4188 mL | 4.8377 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2419 mL | 1.2094 mL | 2.4188 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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