| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
YO-Pro 1 targets double-stranded DNA, where it intercalates between DNA bases. Upon intercalation, its fluorescence is greatly enhanced, with excitation/emission maxima at 491/509 nm for DNA-bound dye. It does not target a specific protein or receptor but rather serves as a nucleic acid stain.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, YO-Pro 1 is used as a fluorescent DNA stain. It is almost nonfluorescent in aqueous solution, but its fluorescence is greatly enhanced upon binding to double-stranded DNA, with Ex/Em (bound DNA) = 491/509 nm. It can be used to identify apoptotic cells, as it penetrates the compromised membranes of apoptotic cells.
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| ln Vivo |
YO-Pro 1 is primarily used as an in vitro research tool for DNA detection and apoptosis assays and does not have significant in vivo activity as a therapeutic agent. It is used in flow cytometry to identify apoptotic cells based on increased membrane permeability. In vivo applications are limited to research settings such as intravital imaging.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro DNA binding assays for YO-Pro 1 typically involve incubating the dye with double-stranded DNA in a buffered solution. Fluorescence is measured using a fluorometer or plate reader with excitation at 491 nm and emission at 509 nm. The increase in fluorescence intensity is proportional to the amount of DNA present. DNA concentration is determined using a standard curve.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for YO-Pro 1 involve culturing cells in appropriate media. Cells are treated with YO-Pro 1 at concentrations typically ranging from 0.1-10 µM for 15-30 minutes at room temperature or 4°C. Staining is analyzed by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. Apoptotic cells show increased fluorescence due to enhanced permeability, while viable cells with intact membranes show minimal staining.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for YO-Pro 1 are not typically performed as it is a fluorescent dye rather than a therapeutic agent. However, it may be used in ex vivo tissue staining or intravital imaging studies where the dye is administered locally or systemically to label DNA in tissues. Tissue sections are examined by fluorescence microscopy.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
YO-Pro 1 (molecular weight 502.42, formula C24H29IN3O) is a cyanine dye with limited aqueous solubility. It is typically provided as a powder and stored at -20°C. When bound to DNA, it has excitation/emission maxima at 491/509 nm. No pharmacokinetic data are available as it is not used as a therapeutic agent.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No detailed toxicology data are specifically available for YO-Pro 1. As a fluorescent DNA stain, it is considered a potential mutagen due to its DNA intercalating properties. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound. It is for research use only and not intended for therapeutic or diagnostic use in humans.
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| Additional Infomation |
Yo-Pro-1 is an asymmetric C1 anthocyanin dye with 1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl and quinolin-4-yl substituents. It is used as a fluorescent dye. It is an organic iodide salt, an anthocyanin dye, and a quaternary ammonium salt. It contains Yo-Pro-1(2+).
YO-Pro 1 (CAS#: 152068-09-2) is a cyanine dye consisting of benzoxazole and quinoline rings. It is a DNA green fluorescent dye that is almost nonfluorescent in water but highly fluorescent upon DNA intercalation (Ex/Em = 491/509 nm). It is used for DNA concentration assays and identification of apoptotic cells. Molecular weight: 502.42, formula: C24H29IN3O. |
| Molecular Formula |
C24H29N3O+2.2[I-]
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
629.31456
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| Exact Mass |
629.04
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| CAS # |
152068-09-2
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| Related CAS # |
152068-09-2;143413-86-9;
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| PubChem CID |
6439500
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| Appearance |
Yellow to orange solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
30
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| Complexity |
555
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
[I-].[I-].C[N+](CCC[N+]1=CC=C(/C=C2/OC3=CC=CC=C3N/2C)C2=CC=CC=C12)(C)C
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| InChi Key |
ULHRKLSNHXXJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H29N3O.2HI/c1-25-22-12-7-8-13-23(22)28-24(25)18-19-14-16-26(15-9-17-27(2,3)4)21-11-6-5-10-20(19)21;;/h5-8,10-14,16,18H,9,15,17H2,1-4H3;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2
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| Chemical Name |
trimethyl-[3-[4-[(Z)-(3-methyl-1,3-benzoxazol-2-ylidene)methyl]quinolin-1-ium-1-yl]propyl]azanium;diiodide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.5890 mL | 7.9452 mL | 15.8904 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3178 mL | 1.5890 mL | 3.1781 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1589 mL | 0.7945 mL | 1.5890 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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