| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
X-GalNAc targets the enzyme N-acetyl-β-galactosidase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal N-acetylgalactosamine residues from glycoconjugates. As a chromogenic substrate, it is not a drug targeting a receptor but rather a tool for detecting enzyme activity. The compound is hydrolyzed by the enzyme, releasing a chromophore that produces a colored precipitate, indicating the presence of enzymatic activity.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, X-GalNAc is used as a chromogenic substrate in enzymatic assays to detect N-acetyl-β-galactosidase activity. It is particularly useful for determining the presence or absence of a cloned DNA insert in bacteria growing on agar plates, as part of blue-white screening. Upon enzymatic cleavage, it produces a colored precipitate that is easily visualized.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo applications of X-GalNAc are not typical, as it is primarily used in vitro for enzymatic assays and bacterial screening. It is not administered to living animals for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. Its use is confined to laboratory research settings.
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| Enzyme Assay |
A cell-free assay for X-GalNAc involves incubating the substrate with a sample containing N-acetyl-β-galactosidase enzyme. The enzymatic hydrolysis of X-GalNAc releases the chromogenic indoxyl group, which then dimerizes to form an insoluble blue precipitate. The intensity of the color can be measured to quantify enzyme activity. This is a standard assay for detecting glycosidase activity.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular or bacterial experiments with X-GalNAc typically involve growing bacteria on agar plates containing the substrate. Bacterial colonies that express N-acetyl-β-galactosidase will hydrolyze X-GalNAc, producing a blue color. This is a classic method for blue-white screening of recombinant clones. Specific protocols depend on the bacterial strain and plasmid used.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for X-GalNAc are not applicable, as it is a staining reagent used in vitro on bacterial plates or tissue sections.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
X-GalNAc is a small molecule substrate with a molecular weight of 449.68. Its pharmacokinetic properties are not relevant as it is not a therapeutic drug. The compound is used in vitro for research applications. It should be stored under appropriate conditions to maintain its stability.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity data for X-GalNAc are not provided in the available sources. As a chromogenic substrate, it is generally considered to have low toxicity for its intended research applications. However, specific toxicological information is not available. The compound is intended for research use only and not for human consumption.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
X-GalNAc (CAS: 129572-48-1) is a chromogenic substrate for N-acetyl-β-galactosidase. It is also known as 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl N-acetyl-β-D-galactosaminide. The compound is used in glycosylation studies and enzymatic assays, and is particularly useful for blue-white screening of bacterial clones. Upon enzymatic hydrolysis, it releases a colored precipitate. Its molecular formula is C16H18BrClN2O6 and its molecular weight is 449.68.
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| Molecular Formula |
C16H18BRCLN2O6
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
449.68
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| Exact Mass |
448.003
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| CAS # |
129572-48-1
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| PubChem CID |
9955373
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.8±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
777.5±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
220ºC(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
424.0±32.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.702
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| LogP |
1.39
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
26
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| Complexity |
517
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| SMILES |
CC(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[C@H]1OC2=CNC3=C2C(=C(C=C3)Br)Cl)CO)O)O
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| InChi Key |
SUWPNTKTZYIFQT-LMXXTMHSSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H18BrClN2O6/c1-6(22)20-13-15(24)14(23)10(5-21)26-16(13)25-9-4-19-8-3-2-7(17)12(18)11(8)9/h2-4,10,13-16,19,21,23-24H,5H2,1H3,(H,20,22)/t10-,13-,14+,15-,16-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
N-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-[(5-bromo-4-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)oxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]acetamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~250 mg/mL (~555.95 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2238 mL | 11.1190 mL | 22.2380 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4448 mL | 2.2238 mL | 4.4476 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2224 mL | 1.1119 mL | 2.2238 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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