| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
X-alpha-Gal is a substrate for α-galactosidase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of α-galactosides. It is also a substrate for β-galactopyranoside. The compound is specifically cleaved by α-galactosidase, releasing 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxyindole, which then dimerizes and oxidizes to form an insoluble blue pigment. This allows for the detection of α-galactosidase activity in biological samples.
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| ln Vitro |
X-alpha-Gal is a chromogenic substrate for α-galactosidase. It is used to distinguish α-galactosidase-positive yeast strains from negative ones. The compound is also used in yeast two-hybrid assays for the GAL4 system, enabling the direct detection of positive blue colonies on culture media without the need for time-consuming β-galactosidase reporter gene assays.
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| ln Vivo |
Specific in vivo activity data for X-alpha-Gal are not applicable as it is a reagent used in in vitro assays. The compound is not a drug and is not intended for in vivo use. It is used exclusively as a laboratory reagent for the detection of α-galactosidase activity.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro assay for X-alpha-Gal typically involves incorporating the substrate into agar plates or using it in a liquid assay. For colony screening, X-alpha-Gal is added to the growth medium at a concentration of 40-100 μg/mL. α-Galactosidase-positive colonies turn blue, while negative colonies remain white. For quantitative assays, the release of the chromophore can be measured spectrophotometrically at a specific wavelength.
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| Cell Assay |
The in vitro cellular assay for X-alpha-Gal typically involves culturing yeast or bacterial cells that express α-galactosidase on agar plates containing the substrate. The cells are grown overnight at the appropriate temperature, and the appearance of blue colonies indicates α-galactosidase activity. This assay is widely used for screening libraries of mutants or for identifying clones that express the enzyme.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies are not applicable for X-alpha-Gal, as it is a reagent used in vitro. The compound is not a drug and is not intended for use in animals.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
X-alpha-Gal has a molecular weight of 408.63 g/mol and a molecular formula of C14H15BrClNO6. The IUPAC name is (2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(5-bromo-4-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol. It has a melting point of 230°C (dec.). The compound should be stored at 4°C or below. It is also known as X-α-Gal.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicology data for X-alpha-Gal are not available in the public domain. The compound is intended for research use only and should be handled with appropriate laboratory safety precautions. Standard safety assessments would be required before any clinical application. Researchers should consult the safety data sheet for detailed handling and disposal information.
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| Additional Infomation |
5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl α-D-galactoside is an indolyl sugar, an α-D-galactoside of indophenol, wherein the indole moiety is substituted with chlorine at the 4-position and bromine at the 5-position. It is an organobromine compound, an organochlorine compound, an indolyl sugar, a D-aldose derivative, and an α-D-galactoside. Functionally, it is related to indophenol.
X-alpha-Gal (5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl α-D-galactopyranoside) is a chromogenic substrate used for the detection of α-galactosidase activity. It is used in yeast genetics and molecular biology for blue-white screening. The compound is cleaved by α-galactosidase to release an indoxyl group that oxidizes to form an insoluble blue precipitate. It is not a drug and has no therapeutic applications. |
| Molecular Formula |
C14H15NO6CLBR
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
408.629
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| Exact Mass |
406.977
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| CAS # |
107021-38-5
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| PubChem CID |
10173103
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.882g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
673.9ºC at 760mmHg
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| Flash Point |
361.3ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
4.44E-19mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.731
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| LogP |
0.762
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
23
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| Complexity |
421
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| SMILES |
O[C@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)[C@H]1OC2=CNC3=C2C(Cl)=C(Br)C=C3
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| InChi Key |
OPIFSICVWOWJMJ-YGEXGZRRSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C14H15BrClNO6/c15-5-1-2-6-9(10(5)16)7(3-17-6)22-14-13(21)12(20)11(19)8(4-18)23-14/h1-3,8,11-14,17-21H,4H2/t8-,11+,12+,13-,14+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(5-bromo-4-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4472 mL | 12.2360 mL | 24.4720 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4894 mL | 2.4472 mL | 4.8944 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2447 mL | 1.2236 mL | 2.4472 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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