| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
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| Targets |
VIP/vasoactive intestinal polypeptide; vasodilatory
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| ln Vitro |
VIP(6-28) is a powerful VIP antagonist in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG), and data obtained using this analogue imply that endogenous VIP can participate in positive feedback loops in injured sympathetic neurons, hence amplifying their own Express. When applied to short-term cultures of adult SCG at doses of 10, 30, or 100 μM, VIP(6-28) inhibited the increase in cAMP levels produced by 10 μM VIP by 52%, 64%, or 81%, respectively. VIP(6-28) alone did not alter cAMP levels at any of these concentrations tested. In contrast to its capacity to diminish VIP-stimulated cAMP levels by 64%, adding of 30 μM VIP(6-28) to the culture media did not significantly change cAMP levels assessed after stimulation of adult ganglia with isoproterenol or forskolin (10 μM each). The ability of VIP(6-28) to prevent the VIP-stimulated increase in cAMP levels showed equivalent findings in neuron-enriched and non-neuronal cell-enriched dissociated cultures [1].
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| ln Vivo |
Neurons in the adult rat superior cervical sympathetic ganglion (SCG) dramatically increase their content of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and its mRNA after axotomy in vivo and after explantation. Because the VIP gene contains a functional cAMP response element, the effects of cAMP-elevating agents on VIP expression were examined. VIP, forskolin, or isoproterenol increased cAMP accumulation in explanted ganglia. Secretin, a peptide chemically related to VIP, or forskolin increased VIP levels above those seen in ganglia cultured in control medium, whereas treatment with VIP or secretin increased the level of peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI), a peptide coded for by the same mRNA that encodes VIP. VIP or forskolin also increased VIP-PHI mRNA. In contrast, isoproterenol did not alter levels of VIP, PHI, or VIP-PHI mRNA. Although VIP or forskolin increased cAMP levels in both dissociated neurons and in non-neuronal cells, isoproterenol significantly stimulated cAMP accumulation only in the latter. VIP6-28 was an effective antagonist of the actions of exogenous VIP on cAMP and VIP-PHI mRNA in neuron-enriched cultures. When adult SCG explants were cultured in defined medium, endogenous VIP immunoreactivity was released. When VIP6-28 was added to such cultures, it significantly inhibited the increase in VIP-PHI mRNA that normally occurs. These data indicate that VIP, or a closely related molecule, produced by adult neurons after injury can enhance the expression of VIP. Such a mechanism may prolong the period during which VIP is elevated after axonal damage. The possibility is also discussed that, because VIP is present in preganglionic neurons in normal animals, its release during periods of increased sympathetic nerve activity could alter VIP expression in the SCG. [1]
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| References |
[1]. Mohney RP, et al. Vasoactive intestinal peptide enhances its own expression in sympathetic neurons after injury. J Neurosci. 1998 Jul 15;18(14):5285-93
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| Molecular Formula |
C126H207N37O34S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
2816.28000
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| Exact Mass |
2814.53
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| CAS # |
69698-54-0
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| PubChem CID |
16133395
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| Sequence |
Phe-Thr-Asp-Asn-Tyr-Thr-Arg-Leu-Arg-Lys-Gln-Met-Ala-Val-Lys-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asn-Ser-Ile-Leu-Asn-NH2
H-DL-Phe-DL-xiThr-DL-Asp-DL-Asn-DL-Tyr-DL-xiThr-DL-Arg-DL-Leu-DL-Arg-DL-Lys-DL-Gln-DL-Met-DL-Ala-DL-Val-DL-Lys-DL-Lys-DL-Tyr-DL-Leu-DL-Asn-DL-Ser-DL-xiIle-DL-Leu-DL-Asn-NH2 DL-phenylalanyl-DL-threonyl-DL-alpha-aspartyl-DL-asparagyl-DL-tyrosyl-DL-threonyl-DL-arginyl-DL-leucyl-DL-arginyl-DL-lysyl-DL-glutaminyl-DL-methionyl-DL-alanyl-DL-valyl-DL-lysyl-DL-lysyl-DL-tyrosyl-DL-leucyl-DL-asparagyl-DL-seryl-DL-isoleucyl-DL-leucyl-DL-asparaginamide |
| SequenceShortening |
FTDNYTRLRKQMAVKKYLNSILN-NH2
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| LogP |
5.535
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
43
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
41
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
99
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| Heavy Atom Count |
198
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| Complexity |
6170
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
NCCCCC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(=O)N)CC(=O)N)=O)CC(C)C)=O)C(CC)C)=O)CO)=O)CC(=O)N)=O)CC(C)C)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)=O)CCCCN)=O)CCCCN)=O)C(C)C)=O)C)=O)CCSC)=O)CCC(=O)N)=O)NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(NC(C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N)=O)C(O)C)=O)CC(=O)O)=O)CC(=O)N)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)=O)C(O)C)=O)CCCNC(=N)N)=O)CC(C)C)=O)CCCNC(=N)N)=O
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| InChi Key |
BVEZAVADHLXCKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C126H207N37O34S/c1-15-66(10)99(122(195)157-86(53-64(6)7)113(186)150-83(102(135)175)57-94(132)170)161-120(193)92(61-164)159-117(190)90(59-96(134)172)155-114(187)85(52-63(4)5)152-115(188)87(55-71-34-38-73(167)39-35-71)153-109(182)77(30-20-23-46-128)144-107(180)78(31-21-24-47-129)148-121(194)98(65(8)9)160-103(176)67(11)142-105(178)82(44-50-198-14)147-111(184)81(42-43-93(131)169)146-106(179)76(29-19-22-45-127)143-108(181)79(32-25-48-140-125(136)137)145-112(185)84(51-62(2)3)151-110(183)80(33-26-49-141-126(138)139)149-123(196)101(69(13)166)163-119(192)88(56-72-36-40-74(168)41-37-72)154-116(189)89(58-95(133)171)156-118(191)91(60-97(173)174)158-124(197)100(68(12)165)162-104(177)75(130)54-70-27-17-16-18-28-70/h16-18,27-28,34-41,62-69,75-92,98-101,164-168H,15,19-26,29-33,42-61,127-130H2,1-14H3,(H2,131,169)(H2,132,170)(H2,133,171)(H2,134,172)(H2,135,175)(H,142,178)(H,143,181)(H,144,180)(H,145,185)(H,146,179)(H,147,184)(H,148,194)(H,149,196)(H,150,186)(H,151,183)(H,152,188)(H,153,182)(H,154,189)(H,155,187)(H,156,191)(H,157,195)(H,158,197)(H,159,190)(H,160,176)(H,161,193)(H,162,177)(H,163,192)(H,173,174)(H4,136,137,140)(H4,138,139,141)
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| Chemical Name |
4-[[4-amino-1-[[1-[[1-[[1-[[1-[[1-[[6-amino-1-[[5-amino-1-[[1-[[1-[[1-[[6-amino-1-[[6-amino-1-[[1-[[1-[[4-amino-1-[[1-[[1-[[1-[(1,4-diamino-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl)amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methylsulfanyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,5-dioxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-[[2-[(2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl)amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid
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| Synonyms |
69698-54-0; VIP(6-28)(human, rat, porcine, bovine); DTXSID30583194; AKOS034831544; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (6-28); DA-59018; PD079205; VIP (6-28) (human, mouse, rat) trifluoroacetate salt;
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.3551 mL | 1.7754 mL | 3.5508 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.0710 mL | 0.3551 mL | 0.7102 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0355 mL | 0.1775 mL | 0.3551 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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