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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Triphenylmethane does not have a defined biological or pharmacological target. It is not known to interact with specific receptors, enzymes, or cellular pathways in a therapeutic context. As a chemical intermediate and precursor to dyes, its biological effects are primarily related to its chemical properties rather than specific molecular interactions. The triphenylmethane derivatives (dyes) may interact with cellular components through non-specific binding, but the parent compound itself does not have a characterized mechanism of action as a drug.
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| ln Vitro |
Triphenylmethane is a small molecule photobacterial agent that is synthesized.
Triphenylmethane does not exhibit significant in vitro biological activity relevant to pharmacology. It is not known to inhibit specific enzymes, modulate receptor activity, or affect cellular signaling pathways. Its primary chemical activity is as a precursor to triphenylmethane dyes, which are used for staining and indicator purposes. In vitro studies have focused on the dye derivatives rather than the parent compound. Triphenylmethane itself is not used in cell-based assays for studying pharmacological endpoints. |
| ln Vivo |
Triphenylmethane is not a therapeutic agent and does not have in vivo pharmacological activity. It is not administered to animals for therapeutic purposes. Its in vivo effects are primarily toxicological and relate to its use as a chemical intermediate. Upon exposure, it may cause irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Systemic effects would be related to its chemical properties rather than specific pharmacological activity. It is not used in animal models for studying disease or therapeutic efficacy.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for triphenylmethane are primarily related to its chemical properties and use as a precursor to dyes rather than pharmacological evaluation. For chemical characterization, spectrophotometric analysis can be performed at characteristic wavelengths. For safety assessment, cytotoxicity assays using mammalian cell lines (e.g., HepG2, CHO, or 3T3 cells) involve exposing cells to various concentrations of the compound (typically 0.1-1000 μg/mL) for 24-48 hours, with cell viability assessed by MTT or neutral red uptake assays. The Ames test (bacterial reverse mutation assay) may be performed for genotoxicity screening following OECD Test Guideline 471.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for triphenylmethane are typically conducted to assess its potential for cytotoxicity and irritation rather than therapeutic activity. Human keratinocyte or fibroblast cell lines are exposed to the compound at various concentrations for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is measured using MTT, Alamar Blue, or neutral red uptake assays. The compound's effects on cell membrane integrity can be assessed by LDH release assays. Inflammatory responses may be evaluated by measuring cytokine release. However, such assays are not typically performed for this compound as it is not a pharmaceutical agent.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for triphenylmethane are primarily toxicological and conducted according to regulatory guidelines for industrial chemicals. OECD Test Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity) involves administering the compound to rats by oral gavage at graded doses and monitoring for mortality and clinical signs over 14 days to determine the LD₅₀. OECD TG 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity) and TG 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity) assess other routes of exposure. For repeated-dose toxicity, rats are administered triphenylmethane by oral gavage for 28 or 90 days, with histopathological examination of organs, hematology, clinical chemistry, and urinalysis. Genotoxicity is assessed using the Ames test (OECD TG 471) and micronucleus test (OECD TG 474).
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Triphenylmethane does not have established pharmacokinetic properties in the context of therapeutic use. As a lipophilic hydrocarbon (log P ~5.5), it would be expected to be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and distributed to fatty tissues. Metabolism likely occurs via cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation to form hydroxylated metabolites, with subsequent conjugation and renal or biliary excretion. However, specific pharmacokinetic parameters have not been characterized as this is not a therapeutic agent. Its chemical properties are well-documented for industrial applications.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Triphenylmethane is classified as an industrial chemical with potential toxicity upon high-level exposure. It may cause skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritation. It is not classified as a carcinogen, mutagen, or reproductive toxicant based on available data, but as with all organic solvents and hydrocarbons, proper handling procedures should be followed. The compound is not intended for human or veterinary therapeutic use. Standard safety precautions should be followed, including the use of personal protective equipment and adequate ventilation.
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| Additional Infomation |
Triphenylmethane is a triarylmethane in which all three aryl groups are phenyl. It is the basic skeleton of many synthetic dyes. It is both an exogenous substance and an environmental pollutant.
Triphenylmethane (CAS# 519-73-3) is a hydrocarbon compound consisting of a central carbon atom bonded to three phenyl groups and one hydrogen atom. It is the parent compound of the triphenylmethane dyes, a class of synthetic dyes widely used in textiles, biological staining, and as pH indicators. It is used as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis. It is not a pharmaceutical agent and does not have therapeutic applications. It is not approved for human or veterinary use. This compound is for research and industrial use only. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling this chemical. |
| Molecular Formula |
C19H16
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
244.33034
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| Exact Mass |
244.125
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| CAS # |
519-73-3
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| PubChem CID |
10614
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
360.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
90-94ºC
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| Flash Point |
160.3±16.4 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.4 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.603
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| LogP |
5.69
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
0
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
19
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| Complexity |
196
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3
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| InChi Key |
AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H16/c1-4-10-16(11-5-1)19(17-12-6-2-7-13-17)18-14-8-3-9-15-18/h1-15,19H
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| Chemical Name |
benzhydrylbenzene
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.0928 mL | 20.4641 mL | 40.9283 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8186 mL | 4.0928 mL | 8.1857 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4093 mL | 2.0464 mL | 4.0928 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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