| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
The primary targets of tosufloxacin tosylate are bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, enzymes that are essential for DNA replication, repair, and cell division in bacteria. DNA gyrase introduces negative supercoils into DNA and is involved in the regulation of DNA topology, while topoisomerase IV is responsible for decatenating replicated chromosomes. By inhibiting these enzymes, tosufloxacin prevents bacterial DNA replication and transcription, leading to rapid bacterial cell death. The compound's dual targeting of both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV reduces the likelihood of resistance development, as mutations in both enzymes would be required for high-level resistance. Tosufloxacin exhibits potent activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including aerobic and anaerobic species, as well as atypical pathogens like Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma. The compound's broad-spectrum activity and favorable pharmacokinetic properties make it a valuable antibiotic for the treatment of various bacterial infections.
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| ln Vitro |
Tosifloxacin tosylate hydrate (T-3262) (0.05-3.13 μg/mL; 18 h) possesses antibacterial action that is effective against Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium difficile, and Clostridium perfringens [2].
In vitro, tosufloxacin tosylate demonstrates a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It exhibits 4-8× greater anaerobic potency compared to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, and exceptional activity against PRSP and BLNAR strains. The compound's minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) are determined using standard broth microdilution methods according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Tosufloxacin tosylate hydrate (T-3262) has been shown to be effective at concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 3.13 μg/mL against various bacterial strains. The compound's activity against Chlamydia trachomatis has been demonstrated in cell culture models, where it inhibits the growth of the intracellular pathogen. In vitro studies have also shown that tosufloxacin has a lower propensity for resistance development compared to other fluoroquinolones due to its dual targeting of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. The compound's in vitro activity profile supports its clinical use for the treatment of respiratory, urinary, skin, and other infections caused by susceptible bacteria. |
| ln Vivo |
Sufloxacin tosylate hydrate (T-3262) treatment (oral gavage; 0.16–13.39 mg/kg; once) showed antibacterial efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus in vivo [2].
In vivo, tosufloxacin tosylate is effective in treating various infections such as skin, respiratory, urinary, gynecologic, ophthalmologic, otolaryngologic, and dental infections. The compound has a lower ED₅₀ in PRSP mouse models compared to levofloxacin, enabling more efficient study designs. In animal models of infection, tosufloxacin demonstrates dose-dependent efficacy, with bacterial clearance and survival rates improving with increasing doses. The compound's oral bioavailability and tissue penetration contribute to its in vivo efficacy. In pharmacokinetic studies, tosufloxacin is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, achieving therapeutic concentrations in plasma and tissues. The compound's long half-life allows for once- or twice-daily dosing in clinical settings. Tosufloxacin has been used clinically in some countries for the treatment of various bacterial infections, with good efficacy and safety profiles. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for tosufloxacin tosylate involve measuring the inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV supercoiling and decatenation activities. In these assays, purified bacterial enzymes are incubated with a DNA substrate and varying concentrations of tosufloxacin. The extent of DNA supercoiling (for DNA gyrase) or decatenation (for topoisomerase IV) is measured using agarose gel electrophoresis, and the IC₅₀ values are calculated. The assays are typically performed using enzymes from Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus, and the results are compared to those obtained with other fluoroquinolones to assess relative potency. The compound's inhibition of DNA gyrase is further characterized using ATPase activity assays, as DNA gyrase requires ATP for its function. These enzyme assays provide a mechanistic basis for the compound's antibacterial activity and are used for structure-activity relationship studies.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell Viability Assay[2]
Cell Types: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens Tested Concentrations: 0.05-3.13 μg/mL Incubation Duration: 18 Hourly Experimental Results: Displays MIC90s (MIC 90) for Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus, ranging from 0.05 to 1.56 μg/mL. MIC90 values for Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium difficile, and Clostridium perfringens were 1.56, 3.13 and 0.20 μg/mL respectively. In vitro cell-based assays for tosufloxacin tosylate evaluate its antibacterial activity using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determinations against a panel of bacterial strains. The assays are performed according to CLSI guidelines using broth microdilution or agar dilution methods. Bacterial strains are cultured in appropriate media and inoculated into 96-well plates containing serial dilutions of tosufloxacin. After incubation at 37°C for 18-24 hours, the MIC is determined as the lowest concentration that inhibits visible bacterial growth. The compound's activity against intracellular pathogens such as Chlamydia trachomatis is evaluated using cell culture models, where infected cells are treated with tosufloxacin and the number of inclusion bodies is quantified. Cytotoxicity is assessed in parallel using mammalian cell lines to ensure that the observed antibacterial effects are not due to general cytotoxicity. These cell-based assays provide critical information on the compound's antibacterial spectrum and potency. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male Slc:ICR mice infected with Staphylococcus aureus [2]
Doses: 1.27-2.15 mg/kg Route of Administration: po (oral gavage); 1.27-2.15 mg/kg; primary Experimental Results:7 days after infection demonstrated 50 The % effective dose (ED50) is 1.62 mg/kg (body weight). The displayed MIC value is 0.0125 μg/mL. Animal/Disease Models: Male Slc:ICR mice infected with E. coli [2] Doses: 0.16-0.30 mg/kg Route of Administration: po (oral gavage); 0.16-0.30 mg/kg; Primary Experimental Results:50% effective 7 days after infection The dose (ED50) is 0.22 mg/kg (body weight). The displayed MIC value is 0.0125 μg/mL. Animal/Disease Models: Male Slc:ICR mice infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa [2] Doses: 7.66-13.39 mg/kg Route of Administration: po (oral gavage); 7.66-13.39 mg/kg; Primary Experimental Results:Displayed 7 days after infection The 50% effective dose (ED50) is 10.13 mg/kg (body weight). The displayed MIC value is 0.78 μg/mL. In vivo animal experiments for tosufloxacin tosylate are conducted in rodent models of infection, such as the PRSP mouse model. Animals are infected with a bacterial pathogen and then treated with tosufloxacin orally or intravenously at various doses. The compound's efficacy is assessed by measuring bacterial load in tissues, survival rates, and clinical scores. The ED₅₀ (the dose required to protect 50% of infected animals) is calculated. Pharmacokinetic studies are conducted in parallel to determine the compound's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in animals. Tissue distribution studies are performed to assess the compound's penetration into target tissues such as lung, skin, and urinary tract. These animal studies are essential for establishing the compound's in vivo efficacy and for guiding dose selection in clinical trials. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Tosufloxacin tosylate has excellent oral bioavailability, rapid onset of action, and effective tissue penetration. The compound is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, achieving peak plasma concentrations within 1-2 hours. It has a long half-life, allowing for once- or twice-daily dosing. Tosufloxacin is distributed widely into tissues, including lung, skin, kidney, and prostate, achieving concentrations that exceed the MICs for susceptible pathogens. The compound is metabolized in the liver, primarily by glucuronidation, and is excreted in urine and feces. The compound's favorable pharmacokinetic properties contribute to its clinical efficacy and make it a convenient option for outpatient treatment of infections.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of tosufloxacin tosylate is consistent with that of other fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Common adverse effects include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Central nervous system effects such as headache, dizziness, and insomnia have also been reported. Like other fluoroquinolones, tosufloxacin has been associated with tendonitis and tendon rupture, particularly in elderly patients and those receiving concomitant corticosteroids. The compound may also cause QT interval prolongation, although this effect is less pronounced than with some other fluoroquinolones. In preclinical studies, tosufloxacin has shown a favorable safety profile, with no significant genotoxicity or carcinogenicity. The compound should be used with caution in patients with a history of epilepsy or other seizure disorders, as fluoroquinolones can lower the seizure threshold.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Toshufloxacin tosylate is a racemic mixture composed of equimolar amounts of (R)-toshufloxacin tosylate and (S)-toshufloxacin tosylate. It possesses antibacterial, anti-infective, DNA synthesis inhibitory, hepatotoxic, and topoisomerase IV inhibitory effects. It comprises toshufloxacin (1+), (S)-toshufloxacin tosylate, and (R)-toshufloxacin tosylate.
Tosufloxacin tosylate is a third-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic indicated for the treatment of various infections such as skin, respiratory, urinary, gynecologic, ophthalmologic, otolaryngologic, and dental infections. It is an orally active fluoroquinolone antibiotic known for its broad spectrum of antibacterial efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The compound exerts its antibacterial effect by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes critical for DNA replication and repair. Tosufloxacin has 4-8× greater anaerobic potency compared to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, and exceptional activity against PRSP and BLNAR strains. It has been used clinically in some countries for the treatment of respiratory, urinary, and skin infections. The compound has not received FDA approval in the United States but is available in other regions. |
| Molecular Formula |
C26H23F3N4O6S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
576.54422
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| Exact Mass |
576.129
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 54.16; H, 4.02; F, 9.89; N, 9.72; O, 16.65; S, 5.56
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| CAS # |
115964-29-9
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| Related CAS # |
Tosufloxacin tosylate hydrate;1400591-39-0;Tosufloxacin;100490-36-6
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| PubChem CID |
93858
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| Density |
1.558g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
614.4ºC at 760mmHg
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| Melting Point |
251-252ºC
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| LogP |
5.126
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
40
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| Complexity |
915
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O=C(C1=CN(C2=CC=C(F)C=C2F)C3=C(C=C(F)C(N4CC(N)CC4)=N3)C1=O)O.O=S(C5=CC=C(C)C=C5)(O)=O
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| InChi Key |
CSSQVOKOWWIUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H15F3N4O3.C7H8O3S/c20-9-1-2-15(13(21)5-9)26-8-12(19(28)29)16(27)11-6-14(22)18(24-17(11)26)25-4-3-10(23)7-251-6-2-4-7(5-3-6)11(8,9)10/h1-2,5-6,8,10H,3-4,7,23H2,(H,28,29)2-5H,1H3,(H,8,9,10)
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| Chemical Name |
7-(3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic
acid tosylate
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| Synonyms |
T-3262 T3262 T 3262 Tosufloxacin tosylate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.7345 mL | 8.6724 mL | 17.3449 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3469 mL | 1.7345 mL | 3.4690 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1734 mL | 0.8672 mL | 1.7345 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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