| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
|
||
| 100mg | |||
| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The primary target of Tiopinac is prostaglandin synthesis. As an NSAID, it inhibits the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, reducing the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are key mediators of inflammation, pain, and fever. Tiopinac was specifically identified for its favorable balance of high potency and low gastric irritation liability.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Tiopinac is a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor. It demonstrates potent anti-inflammatory activity in various in vitro models. Its development distinguished it from other analogs through a combination of high efficacy and a notably low potential for causing gastric irritation.
|
| ln Vivo |
Phenylbutazone is 40 times less potent as an anti-inflammatory than thiopic acid (0.03-110 mg/kg). About 0.5 mg/kg is the amount needed to minimize paw edema by 30%. At 20 mg/kg/day, thiopic acid does not have any appreciable side effects. Adjuvant disease-induced weight loss was reversed in a dose-dependent manner by thiopic acid; rats given 0.135 and 0.4 mg/kg/day gained noticeably more weight than the positive control. Rat hindpaw pain from yeast inflammation can be effectively inhibited by thiopic acid (0.3-30 mg/kg) [1].
In vivo, Tiopinac (0.03-110 mg/kg) is highly potent, with anti-inflammatory efficacy 40 times that of Phenylbutazone. The dose required to reduce paw swelling by 30% is approximately 0.5 mg/kg. Tiopinac (0.3-30 mg/kg) is highly potent in inhibiting pain evoked in the yeast-inflamed hind paw of the rat. It prevents the development of adjuvant-induced arthritis. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme or receptor binding assays for Tiopinac involve measuring its inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymatic activity. The assay uses a purified COX enzyme and a substrate, such as arachidonic acid. The production of prostaglandins is measured using a colorimetric or fluorometric method. The compound is incubated with the enzyme and substrate at varying concentrations to determine the IC50.
|
| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Tiopinac are performed using various cell lines, such as macrophages or synoviocytes. Cells are treated with the compound, and the production of prostaglandins and inflammatory cytokines is measured by ELISA. The compound's effects on cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis are also assessed.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for Tiopinac are conducted using rodent models of inflammation and pain, such as carrageenan-induced paw edema, yeast-inflamed paw, and adjuvant-induced arthritis. The compound is administered orally, and inflammation and pain are assessed. These studies confirm the compound's efficacy as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of Tiopinac indicate that it is orally active. The compound has a molecular weight of 284.3 g/mol and a molecular formula of C16H12O3S. The IUPAC name is 2-(11-oxo-6H-benzo[c][1]benzothiepin-3-yl)acetic acid. It is soluble in DMSO. Storage in a dry, dark place at 0-4°C for short-term or -20°C for long-term is recommended.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicology (toxicology) data for Tiopinac indicate that it has a favorable balance of high potency and low gastric irritation liability. Unlike many potent NSAIDs such as indomethacin and diclofenac, which have significant gastrointestinal toxicity, Tiopinac was specifically identified for its low potential for causing gastric irritation in rats and dogs.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Other information: Tiopinac is also known as RS 40974. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) built on a tricyclic core. The compound is a critical reference compound for research applications where separating therapeutic anti-inflammatory action from gastrointestinal liability is a key experimental objective. Its CAS number is 61220-69-7.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C16H12O3S
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
284.32
|
| Exact Mass |
284.051
|
| CAS # |
61220-69-7
|
| Related CAS # |
77625-78-6 (hydrochloride salt)
|
| PubChem CID |
43585
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
|
| Density |
1.372g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
541.3ºC at 760 mmHg
|
| Flash Point |
281.1ºC
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.674
|
| LogP |
3.15
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
20
|
| Complexity |
395
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
O=C(O)CC1=CC=C2C(SCC3=CC=CC=C3C2=O)=C1
|
| InChi Key |
KLIVRBFRQSOGQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H12O3S/c17-15(18)8-10-5-6-13-14(7-10)20-9-11-3-1-2-4-12(11)16(13)19/h1-7H,8-9H2,(H,17,18)
|
| Chemical Name |
2-(11-oxo-6H-benzo[c][1]benzothiepin-3-yl)acetic acid
|
| Synonyms |
Tiopinacum; Tiopinaco; Tiopinac
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.5172 mL | 17.5858 mL | 35.1716 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7034 mL | 3.5172 mL | 7.0343 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3517 mL | 1.7586 mL | 3.5172 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
