| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Targets |
Bacterial cell wall synthesis (penicillin-binding proteins). Tigemonam is a monobactam antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, resulting in cell death.
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| ln Vitro |
Tigemonam (0.25 mg/L) inhibits 90% of the tested strains of Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Branhamella catarrhalis. For Citrobacter, the MIC90 is 4 mg/L while for Enterobacter, it is 16 mg/L. While vulnerable to aztreonam, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is resistant to tigemonam. Between 102 and 106 cfu per spot, Tigemonam exhibits negligible inoculum dependence[1].
In vitro, Tigemonam at 0.25 mg/L inhibits 90% of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Salmonella spp., Haemophilus influenzae, and Branhamella catarrhalis tested. It is at least as active against clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and Enterobacteriaceae with known mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. Tigemonam is a novel orally administered monobactam. |
| ln Vivo |
Tigemonam demonstrates strong anti-E. coli SC 8294 and E. coli SC 12199, Salmonella schottmulleri SC 3850, Proteus mirabilis SC 9575, Providencia rettgeri SC 8217, Klebsiella pneumoniae SC 12216, Serratia marcescens SC 9782, Enterobacter cloacae SC 11078, and Haemo philus influenzae SC 10556, with corresponding ED50 values in mice of 1.4 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg, 0.7 mg/kg, 0.3 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg, 0.9 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg, 3.9 mg/kg, and 1.8 mg/kg [2].
In vivo, Tigemonam has shown efficacy in treating respiratory and urinary tract infections. It is effective against various Gram-negative bacteria, particularly targeting infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae. Tigemonam is an orally administered monobactam. |
| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell enzyme assays for Tigemonam are performed using purified penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). PBP binding affinity is measured by competition with [¹⁴C]penicillin G or a fluorescent penicillin derivative. PBPs are incubated with the radiolabeled penicillin and varying concentrations of Tigemonam (0.001-100 μM). After incubation at 37°C for 30 minutes, the proteins are separated by SDS-PAGE, and bound radioactivity is detected by autoradiography or fluorography. IC₅₀ values for PBP binding are calculated. Alternatively, beta-lactamase stability assays are performed using purified beta-lactamase enzymes.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular antibacterial assays are performed using standard broth microdilution methods according to CLSI guidelines. Bacterial cultures (E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Salmonella spp., H. influenzae, B. catarrhalis) are grown to mid-log phase and diluted to ~5×10⁵ CFU/mL. Two-fold serial dilutions of Tigemonam (0.001-128 μg/mL) are prepared in 96-well plates. Bacteria are added and incubated at 37°C for 18-24 hours. The MIC₉₀ is determined as the lowest concentration inhibiting 90% of isolates. MBC is determined by subculturing onto agar plates.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies are conducted in rodent models of respiratory and urinary tract infections. Tigemonam is administered orally at doses determined from pharmacokinetic studies. Efficacy endpoints include bacterial load (CFU/g tissue) in lungs or kidneys, survival, and clinical cure rates. The compound's efficacy against Enterobacteriaceae infections is evaluated.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Tigemonam has a molecular weight of 437.4 and a molecular formula of C12H15N5O9S2. It is a monobactam antibiotic. The compound is orally administered. Tigemonam is a small molecule drug.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Tigemonam is generally well tolerated. As a monobactam, it has a low potential for cross-reactivity with penicillins. No significant organ-specific toxicity has been reported. The compound is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to monobactams.
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| References |
[1]. Rylander M, et al. Comparative in-vitro activity of tigemonam, a new monobactam. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1988 Sep;22(3):307-13.
[2]. Clark JM, et al. In vivo evaluation of tigemonam, a novel oral monobactam. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1987 Feb;31(2):226-9. |
| Additional Infomation |
Tegmonam is a monocyclic β-lactam antibiotic.
Tigemonam is a monobactam antibiotic effective against various Gram-negative bacteria. It works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. Tigemonam has shown efficacy in treating respiratory and urinary tract infections. The compound is not currently widely approved for clinical use and is primarily used as a research tool. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H15N5O9S2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
437.4056
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| Exact Mass |
437.031
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| CAS # |
102507-71-1
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| Related CAS # |
102916-21-2 (dichloline);102507-71-1 (free acid);
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| PubChem CID |
9576769
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
1.91g/cm3
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| Index of Refraction |
1.745
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| LogP |
0.361
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
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| Heavy Atom Count |
28
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| Complexity |
794
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
OC(CO/N=C(C1=CSC(N)=N1)\C(N[C@H]2C(C)(N(OS(=O)(O)=O)C2=O)C)=O)=O
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| InChi Key |
VAMSVIZLXJOLHZ-QWFSEIHXSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H15N5O9S2/c1-12(2)8(10(21)17(12)26-28(22,23)24)15-9(20)7(16-25-3-6(18)19)5-4-27-11(13)14-5/h4,8H,3H2,1-2H3,(H2,13,14)(H,15,20)(H,18,19)(H,22,23,24)/b16-7-/t8-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
2-[(Z)-[1-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[[(3S)-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-1-sulfooxyazetidin-3-yl]amino]-2-oxoethylidene]amino]oxyacetic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2862 mL | 11.4309 mL | 22.8618 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4572 mL | 2.2862 mL | 4.5724 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2286 mL | 1.1431 mL | 2.2862 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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