| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: =98.54%
| ln Vitro |
Tetrahydrofolic acid (THF; 50 μM) induced DNA damage in murine BaF3 hematopoietic cells after 24-hour exposure, measured by increased γH2AX foci formation (p < 0.01) [1]
THF (50 μM) significantly reduced cell viability in BaF3 cells (p < 0.05) and human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) after 48-hour treatment [1] THF (50 μM) triggered apoptosis in BaF3 cells (Annexin V+ proportion increased to 25% vs. 5% control) and human HSPCs after 24-hour exposure [1] |
|---|---|
| Cell Assay |
DNA damage assessment: BaF3 cells were treated with THF (50 μM) for 24 hours. γH2AX foci were quantified using immunofluorescence microscopy. DNA fragmentation was analyzed via comet assay under alkaline conditions [1]
Cell viability assay: BaF3 cells and human CD34+ HSPCs were exposed to THF (50 μM) for 48 hours. Viability was measured using Annexin V/PI staining followed by flow cytometry [1] |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
THF (50 μM) induces hematopoietic genotoxicity through ROS-mediated DNA damage[1]
THF exacerbates methotrexate-induced human HSPC cytotoxicity (p < 0.01)[1] Adverse reactions Occupational hepatotoxicity - Primary hepatotoxicity: Hepatotoxicity is the main adverse reaction of this chemical. |
| References |
[1]. Genotoxicity of Tetrahydrofolic Acid to Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Cell Death Differ. 2018 Nov;25(11):1967-1979.
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| Additional Infomation |
Tetrahydrofolate (THF) is an active folate metabolite involved in nucleotide synthesis [1]. High concentrations of THF can disrupt folate metabolism, leading to oxidative stress in hematopoietic cells and DNA damage [1]. 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrofolate is a tetrahydrofolate that is a metabolite of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is the conjugate acid of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate (2-). Tetrahydrofolate is a folate derivative derived from dihydrofolate via dihydrofolate reductase. It is converted to 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate via serine hydroxymethyltransferase. It is a soluble coenzyme involved in a variety of reactions, especially in amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism. Tetrahydrofolate is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (K12 strain, MG1655 strain). 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrofolate is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Pharmaceutical Indications For nutritional supplementation, and can also be used to treat dietary deficiencies or imbalances. Mechanism of Action Tetrahydrofolate enters cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis and plays a crucial role in maintaining normal erythropoiesis, synthesizing purine and thymidine nucleic acids, amino acid interconversion, tRNA methylation, and the production and utilization of formic acid. Pharmacodynamics Tetrahydrofolate is the main active metabolite of dietary folate. As a coenzyme, it is essential in reactions involving single-carbon group transfer. It plays a role in nucleic acid and amino acid synthesis. Because nucleic acid and amino acid synthesis is affected by tetrahydrofolate deficiency, actively dividing and growing cells are often the first to be affected. Tetrahydrofolate is used to treat celiac disease, megaloblastic anemia, and megaloblastic anemia, all hematologic complications caused by folate deficiency. |
| Molecular Formula |
C19H23N7O6
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
445.436
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| Exact Mass |
445.171
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 51.23; H, 5.20; N, 22.01; O, 21.55
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| CAS # |
135-16-0
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| PubChem CID |
135444742
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| Appearance |
Light brown to brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.7g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
555.12°C (rough estimate)
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| Index of Refraction |
1.762
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| LogP |
1.039
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
10
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
9
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| Heavy Atom Count |
32
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| Complexity |
834
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
O=C1C2=C(N=C(N([H])[H])N1[H])N([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])N([H])C1C([H])=C([H])C(C(N([H])[C@]([H])(C(=O)O[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(=O)O[H])=O)=C([H])C=1[H])N2[H]
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| InChi Key |
MSTNYGQPCMXVAQ-KIYNQFGBSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H23N7O6/c20-19-25-15-14(17(30)26-19)23-11(8-22-15)7-21-10-3-1-9(2-4-10)16(29)24-12(18(31)32)5-6-13(27)28/h1-4,11-12,21,23H,5-8H2,(H,24,29)(H,27,28)(H,31,32)(H4,20,22,25,26,30)/t11?,12-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-[[4-[(2-amino-4-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)methylamino]benzoyl]amino]pentanedioic acid
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| Synonyms |
th-folate; Tetrahydropteroylglutamic acid; tetrahydrofolic acid; Tetrahydropteroylglutamic acid; EINECS 205-181-1; 43ZWB253H4; DTXSID70897520; TETRAHYDROFOLIC ACID [DSC]; N-(4-(((2-Amino-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid; ...; 135-16-0; 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2450 mL | 11.2249 mL | 22.4497 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4490 mL | 2.2450 mL | 4.4899 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2245 mL | 1.1225 mL | 2.2450 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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