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Teduglutide Acetate

Cat No.:V34647 Purity: ≥98%
Teduglutide Acetate(Gattex; Revestive) is a polypeptidecomposed of 33-amino acids.
Teduglutide   Acetate
Teduglutide Acetate Chemical Structure CAS No.: 287714-30-1
Product category: Peptides
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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500mg
1g
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Product Description

Teduglutide Acetate (Gattex; Revestive) is a polypeptide composed of 33-amino acids. It is a glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analog that has been approved as an orphan drug for use in the treatment of SBS-short bowel syndrome. Teduglutide works by promoting mucosal growth and possibly restoring gastric emptying and secretion. Teduglutide differs from naturally occurring GLP-2 by a single amino acid: an alanine replaced by a glycine, which blocks breaking down of the molecule by dipeptidyl peptidase and increases the half-life from 7 minutes (GLP-2) to about 2 hours, while retaining its biological activity.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ADME/Pharmacokinetics
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
The pharmacokinetic profile of teduglutide (when administered subcutaneously) is described by a one-compartment model with first order absorption in the abdomen, arm, and thigh. With escalating doses, teduglutide demonstrates linear pharmacokinetics. Absolute bioavailability, SubQ = 88%; Tmax, SubQ = 3-5 hours; Cmax, 0.05 mg/kg SubQ, SBS patients = 36 ng/mL; AUC, 0.05 mg/kg SubQ, SBS patients = 0.15 µg•hr/mL; Teduglutide does not accumulate following multiple subcutaneous administrations.
Urine
Vd, healthy subjects = 103 mL/kg
Plasma clearance, healthy subjects = 123 mL/hr/kg; This value indicates that teduglutide is primarily cleared by the kidney.
In healthy subjects, teduglutide has a volume of distribution (103 mL/kg) similar to blood volume.
In healthy subjects, Gattex administered subcutaneously had an absolute bioavailability of 88% and reached maximum plasma teduglutide concentrations at 3-5 hours after administration. Following a 0.05 mg/kg subcutaneous dose in SBS subjects, the median peak teduglutide concentration (Cmax) was 36 ng/mL and the median area under the curve (AUC0-inf) was 0.15 ug*hr/mL. No accumulation of teduglutide was observed following repeated subcutaneous administrations.
/MILK/ It is not known whether Gattex is present in human milk. Teduglutide is excreted in the milk of lactating rats, and the highest concentration measured in milk was 2.9% of the plasma concentration following a single subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg.
Teduglutide is a recombinant analog of human glucagon-like peptide-2 that has recently been approved for the treatment of short bowel syndrome in adults. This study was designed to study the influence of renal function and age on teduglutide pharmacokinetics. This was an open-label study with six parallel groups (6 subjects each). Three groups with renal impairment (moderate, severe and end-stage renal disease) were compared to healthy subjects with normal renal function, which were matched to the renal-impaired subjects with respect to demographics. At least two elderly subjects (=65 years) were enrolled per group. A single dose of 10 mg teduglutide was subcutaneously administered to each subject. Teduglutide plasma concentrations were measured using a validated liquid chromatography method with tandem mass spectrometric detection, and the primary pharmacokinetic variables (AUCinf and Cmax) were calculated. Area under the concentration versus time curve extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of teduglutide in subjects with end-stage renal disease were approximately 2.59- and 2.08-fold higher, respectively, than those of healthy subjects. The AUCinf and Cmax were also slightly higher in subjects with moderate and severe renal impairment. Comparison of healthy subjects aged <65 years with healthy elderly subjects revealed very similar pharmacokinetics in both subgroups. In our study population, the primary pharmacokinetic parameters of teduglutide increased with increased severity of renal impairment. These results suggest that the daily dose of teduglutide should be reduced by 50 % in patients with moderate and severe renal impairment and end-stage disease. We found no effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of teduglutide in healthy subjects. The treatment was well tolerated, and there were no safety concerns.
Metabolism / Metabolites
Although a formal investigation has not been conducted, it is expected because teduglutide is a peptide-based drug, it will be degraded into smaller peptides and amino acids via catabolic pathways. The cytochrome P450 enzyme system is not involved in the metabolism of this drug.
The metabolic pathway of teduglutide was not investigated in humans. However, teduglutide is expected to be degraded into small peptides and amino acids via catabolic pathways, similar to the catabolism of endogenous GLP-2.
Biological Half-Life
Terminal half-life, healthy subjects = 2 hours; Terminal half-life, SBS patients = 1.3 hours
Teduglutide has a mean terminal half-life of approximately 2 hours in healthy subjects and 1.3 hours in short bowel syndrome (SBS) subjects.
Toxicity/Toxicokinetics
Toxicity Summary
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Teduglutide is a biosynthetic (recombinant DNA origin) analog of human glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), a pleiotropic hormone that enhances intestinal mucosal growth and affects intestinal function. It is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) who are dependent on parenteral support. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Based on the pharmacologic activity and findings in animals, the drug has the potential to cause hyperplastic changes including neoplasia. In clinical studies, GI tract polyps (e.g., colorectal, duodenal, and peristomal polyps, including hyperplastic polyps and villous adenomas) have been detected in patients receiving the drug. Malignancies have been reported in several patients receiving teduglutide, including metastatic adenocarcinoma of unconfirmed origin in a patient who had received prior abdominal irradiation for Hodgkin lymphoma and lung cancer (squamous and non-small cell carcinoma) in 2 patients with a history of smoking. ANIMAL STUDIES: In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in rats at subcutaneous doses of 3, 10 and 35 mg/kg/day (about 60, 200 and 700 times the recommended daily human dose of 0.05 mg/kg, respectively), teduglutide caused statistically significant increases in the incidences of adenomas in the bile duct and jejunum of male rats. In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in mice at subcutaneous doses of 1, 3.5 and 12.5 mg/kg/day (about 20, 70 and 250 times the recommended daily human dose of 0.05 mg/kg, respectively), teduglutide caused a significant increase in papillary adenomas in the gall bladder; it also caused adenocarcinomas in the jejunum in male mice at the high dose of 12.5 mg/kg/day (about 250 times the recommended human dose). In animal studies, no effects on embryo-fetal development were observed in pregnant rats given subcutaneous teduglutide at doses up to 50 mg/kg/day (about 1000 times the recommended daily human dose of 0.05 mg/kg) or pregnant rabbits given subcutaneous doses up to 50 mg/kg/day (about 1000 times the recommended daily human dose of 0.05 mg/kg). A pre- and postnatal development study in rats showed no evidence of any adverse effect on pre- and postnatal development at subcutaneous doses up to 50 mg/kg/day (about 1000 times the recommended daily human dose of 0.05 mg/kg). Teduglutide at subcutaneous doses up to 50 mg/kg/day (about 1000 times the recommended daily human dose of 0.05 mg/kg) was found to have no adverse effect on fertility and reproductive performance of male and female rats. Teduglutide was negative in the Ames test, chromosomal aberration test in Chinese hamster ovary cells, and in vivo mouse micronucleus assay.
Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation
Because it is a large protein molecule with a molecular weight of 3752 Da, the amount in milk is likely to be very low. Teduglutide is also poorly absorbed orally so absorption by a breastfed infant is unlikely. Two breastfed infants apparently experienced no adverse effects during maternal use of teduglutide, but no long-term data are available. Until more data are available, teduglutide should be used with careful infant monitoring during breastfeeding.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants
One mother used teduglutide during pregnancy and postpartum while breastfeeding. She breastfed her infant (extent not stated) for 6 months. No mention was made of any adverse effects in the infant.
A woman taking teduglutide because of removal of a portion of her gastrointestinal tract became pregnant and delivered a healthy infant. She breastfed her infant and the drug was restarted 1 month after delivery. She breastfed (extent not stated) her infant for another 4 months during treatment. The infant experienced no side effects during breastfeeding.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
Interactions
Teduglutide may increase intestinal absorption of drugs and should be used with caution in patients receiving concomitant oral therapy with CNS agents (e.g., benzodiazepines, antipsychotic agents), drugs that require dosage titration, or drugs that have a narrow therapeutic index.
References
:Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology. 2012, 5 (3): 159–71. doi:10.1177/1756283X11436318.
Additional Infomation
Teduglutide is a 33-membered polypeptide consisting of His, Gly, Asp, Gly, Ser, Phe, Ser, Asp, Glu, Met, Asn, Thr, Ile, Leu, Asp, Asn, Leu, Ala, Ala, Arg, Asp, Phe, Ile, Asn, Trp, Leu, Ile, Gln, Thr, Lys, Ile, Thr and Asp residues joined in sequence. A glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor agonist used for the treatment of short-bowel syndrome. It has a role as a glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor agonist, a metabolite, an antioxidant and a protective agent.
Teduglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analogue. It is made up of 33 amino acids and is manufactured using a strain of Escherichia coli modified by recombinant DNA technology. Teduglutide differs from GLP-2 by one amino acid (alanine is substituted by glycine). The significance of this substitution is that teduglutide is longer acting than endogenous GLP-2 as it is more resistant to proteolysis from dipeptidyl peptidase-4. FDA approved on December 21, 2012.
Drug Indication
Teduglutide is indicated for the treatment of adults and pediatric patients 1 year of age and older with Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) who are dependent on parenteral support.
FDA Label
Revestive is indicated for the treatment of patients aged 1 year and above with Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS). Patients should be stable following a period of intestinal adaptation after surgery. Revestive is indicated for the treatment of patients aged 1 year and above with Short Bowel Syndrome. Patients should be stable following a period of intestinal adaptation after surgery.
Treatment of short bowel syndrome
Mechanism of Action
Teduglutide is an analog of naturally occurring human glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), a peptide secreted by L-cells of the distal intestine in response to meals. GLP-2 increases intestinal and portal blood flow and inhibit gastric acid secretion. Teduglutide binds to the glucagon-like peptide-2 receptors located in enteroendocrine cells, subepithelial myofibroblasts and enteric neurons of the submucosal and myenteric plexus. This causes the release of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, nitric oxide and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF). These growth factors may contribute to the increase in crypt cell growth and surface area of the gastric mucosa. Ultimately, absorption through the intestine is enhanced.
Teduglutide binds to the human and rat GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) with similar affinity compared to native GLP-2. Receptor binding results in intracellular cyclic adenosine 3'-5'- monophosphate (cAMP) levels and activation of several downstream signaling pathways such as protein kinase A (PKA), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and activator protein-1(AP-1). The potency of teduglutide is equivalent to native GLP-2 for the GLP-2R with enhanced biological activity due to resistance to DPP-IV cleavage, resulting in a longer half-life in the circulation.
Teduglutide is an analog of naturally occurring human glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), a peptide secreted by L-cells of the distal intestine. GLP-2 is known to increase intestinal and portal blood flow, and inhibit gastric acid secretion. Teduglutide binds to the glucagon-like peptide-2 receptors located in intestinal subpopulations of enteroendocrine cells, subepithelial myofibroblasts and enteric neurons of the submucosal and myenteric plexus. Activation of these receptors results in the local release of multiple mediators including insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, nitric oxide and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF).
Therapeutic Uses
/CLINICAL TRIALS/ ClinicalTrials.gov is a registry and results database of publicly and privately supported clinical studies of human participants conducted around the world. The Web site is maintained by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Each ClinicalTrials.gov record presents summary information about a study protocol and includes the following: Disease or condition; Intervention (for example, the medical product, behavior, or procedure being studied); Title, description, and design of the study; Requirements for participation (eligibility criteria); Locations where the study is being conducted; Contact information for the study locations; and Links to relevant information on other health Web sites, such as NLM's MedlinePlus for patient health information and PubMed for citations and abstracts for scholarly articles in the field of medicine. Teduglutide is included in the database.
Gattex (teduglutide [rDNA origin]) for injection is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) who are dependent on parenteral support. /Included in US product label/
/EXPL THER/ The currently available medications for treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) include aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, antibiotics, immunomodulators and biologic agents (infliximab, certolizumab pegol, adalimumab and natalizumab). These agents target the immune and inflammatory pathways of CD, while there is a shortage of agents that target the barrier functions of the gut that are impaired in CD. Glucagon-like peptide 2 is an enterogastrone with strong trophic effects on the intestinal mucosa. Teduglutide, the analog of glucagon-like peptide has been already approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as a treatment of short bowel syndrome. This review discusses the potential use of teduglutide in patients with CD. As there has been only one randomized placebo controlled trial of teduglutide in CD, there is a shortage of data regarding the efficacy of this agent in CD. The literature search was performed using Medline database with the use of the following key words: teduglutide, glucagon-like peptide-2, CD and inflammatory bowel disease. Based on available data, it can be concluded that this agent seems to be a promising medication in CD and further trials are required to define the place of teduglutide in treatment of CD.
Drug Warnings
Based on the pharmacologic activity and findings in animals, Gattex has the potential to cause hyperplastic changes including neoplasia. In patients at increased risk for malignancy, the clinical decision to use Gattex should be considered only if the benefits outweigh the risks. In patients with active gastrointestinal malignancy (GI tract, hepatobiliary, pancreatic), Gattex therapy should be discontinued. In patients with active non-gastrointestinal malignancy, the clinical decision to continue Gattex should be made based on risk-benefit considerations.
Adverse effects reported in controlled clinical trials in 5% or more of patients receiving teduglutide at the recommended dosage for the management of short bowel syndrome, and occurring more frequently with the drug than with placebo, include GI stomal complication (in patients with a stoma), abdominal pain, upper respiratory tract infection, nausea, abdominal distention, vomiting, fluid overload, flatulence, hypersensitivity, appetite disorder, sleep disturbance, cough, and skin hemorrhage. Across all clinical studies of the drug, injection site reactions and headache also were reported frequently.
Teduglutide may increase intestinal absorption of drugs and should be used with caution in patients receiving concomitant oral therapy with CNS agents (e.g., benzodiazepines, antipsychotic agents), drugs that require dosage titration, or drugs that have a narrow therapeutic index.
Teduglutide increases fluid absorption, which can precipitate or exacerbate congestive heart failure. Both fluid overload and congestive heart failure have been reported in clinical trials in patients receiving teduglutide. In controlled clinical trials, fluid overload was reported in 9 of 77 patients (11.7%) receiving teduglutide 0.05 mg/kg daily and 4 of 59 patients (6.8%) receiving placebo. Fluid status should be monitored routinely and parenteral support volume adjusted accordingly. Patients with cardiovascular disease (e.g., cardiac insufficiency, hypertension) should be monitored for fluid overload, especially during initiation of teduglutide therapy. If fluid overload occurs, parenteral support volume should be reduced and teduglutide therapy should be reassessed, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease. If clinically important cardiac deterioration occurs, the need for continued therapy with teduglutide should be reassessed.
For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for Teduglutide (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Pharmacodynamics
An enhancement of gastrointestinal fluid absorption (750-1000 mL/day) was observed following daily administrations of teduglutide. An increase in villus height and crypt depth of the intestinal mucosa was also noted. A decrease in fecal weight has also been observed. Teduglutide does not prolong the QTc interval.
These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Exact Mass
3750.802
CAS #
287714-30-1
PubChem CID
16139605
Appearance
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
LogP
-15.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
55
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
60
Rotatable Bond Count
126
Heavy Atom Count
264
Complexity
9030
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
38
SMILES
CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@H](CC3=CC=CC=C3)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC4=CC=CC=C4)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC5=CN=CN5)N
InChi Key
CILIXQOJUNDIDU-ASQIGDHWSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C164H252N44O55S/c1-21-77(11)126(156(255)187-95(44-46-114(167)214)141(240)206-130(83(17)211)160(259)186-93(42-33-34-49-165)140(239)202-129(80(14)24-4)159(258)208-131(84(18)212)161(260)200-111(163(262)263)66-125(230)231)203-151(250)100(54-76(9)10)189-145(244)103(57-88-67-175-92-41-32-31-40-90(88)92)192-147(246)105(60-116(169)216)199-157(256)127(78(12)22-2)204-152(251)102(56-87-38-29-26-30-39-87)190-149(248)109(64-123(226)227)195-137(236)94(43-35-50-174-164(171)172)183-134(233)82(16)179-133(232)81(15)180-142(241)98(52-74(5)6)188-146(245)104(59-115(168)215)194-150(249)110(65-124(228)229)196-143(242)99(53-75(7)8)198-158(257)128(79(13)23-3)205-162(261)132(85(19)213)207-153(252)106(61-117(170)217)193-139(238)97(48-51-264-20)185-138(237)96(45-47-120(220)221)184-148(247)108(63-122(224)225)197-155(254)113(72-210)201-144(243)101(55-86-36-27-25-28-37-86)191-154(253)112(71-209)182-119(219)70-177-136(235)107(62-121(222)223)181-118(218)69-176-135(234)91(166)58-89-68-173-73-178-89/h25-32,36-41,67-68,73-85,91,93-113,126-132,175,209-213H,21-24,33-35,42-66,69-72,165-166H2,1-20H3,(H2,167,214)(H2,168,215)(H2,169,216)(H2,170,217)(H,173,178)(H,176,234)(H,177,235)(H,179,232)(H,180,241)(H,181,218)(H,182,219)(H,183,233)(H,184,247)(H,185,237)(H,186,259)(H,187,255)(H,188,245)(H,189,244)(H,190,248)(H,191,253)(H,192,246)(H,193,238)(H,194,249)(H,195,236)(H,196,242)(H,197,254)(H,198,257)(H,199,256)(H,200,260)(H,201,243)(H,202,239)(H,203,250)(H,204,251)(H,205,261)(H,206,240)(H,207,252)(H,208,258)(H,220,221)(H,222,223)(H,224,225)(H,226,227)(H,228,229)(H,230,231)(H,262,263)(H4,171,172,174)/t77-,78-,79-,80-,81-,82-,83+,84+,85+,91-,93-,94-,95-,96-,97-,98-,99-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-,107-,108-,109-,110-,111-,112-,113-,126-,127-,128-,129-,130-,131-,132-/m0/s1
Chemical Name
(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]butanedioic acid
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
Solubility (In Vivo)
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.

Injection Formulations
(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC)
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution 50 μL Tween 80 850 μL Saline)
*Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO 400 μLPEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO 900 μL Corn oil)
Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
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Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)]
*Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin 500 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO 100 μLPEG300 200 μL castor oil 650 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10: 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol 100 μL Cremophor 800 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline
Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH 900 μL Corn oil)
Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH 400 μLPEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)


Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium)
Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
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Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400
Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders


Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
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Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
  • Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Concentration (End) box and select the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Volume (End) box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:
  • To calculate molar mass of a chemical compound, please enter the chemical/molecular formula and click the “Calculate’ button.
Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:
  • Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u). (1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12)
  • Molar mass (molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.
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Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

  • Enter the mass of the reagent and the desired reconstitution concentration as well as the correct units
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer appears in the Volume (to add to vial) box
In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Clinical Trial Information
A Study of Teduglutide in Japanese People With Short Bowel Syndrome
CTID: NCT05023382
Phase:    Status: Recruiting
Date: 2024-05-29
A Study of Teduglutide in Japanese Children With Short Bowel Syndrome Aged 4 Months or Older
CTID: NCT05027308
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2024-05-16
Pediatric Teduglutide Registry
CTID: NCT04832087
Phase:    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-12-11
Treatment of Patients With Teduglutide (GLP-2) for GVHD and Analysis of Paneth Cells of GVHD Patients
CTID: NCT04290429
PhaseEarly Phase 1    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-11-29
A Study of the Gut Barrier and Blood Vessel Inflammation in Individuals With and Without HIV
CTID: NCT02431325
Phase: Phase 2    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-06-12
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An Extension Study of Teduglutide in Japanese Participants With Short Bowel Syndrome Who Completed 24 Weeks of Treatment in SHP633-306 or TED-C14-004
CTID: NCT03596164
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2023-03-15


Pilot Study to Investigate the Effect of Teduglutide on Temporary Ileostomy Function and Complications
CTID: NCT03953170
Phase: Phase 3 Status
A 24-Week Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Teduglutide in Subjects with Parenteral Nutrition-Dependent Short Bowel Syndrome
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2009-06-25
A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Teduglutide in Subjects with Parenteral Nutrition-Dependant Short Bowel Syndrome Who Completed Protocol CL0600-004
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2007-10-29
A study of the Efficacy and Safety of Teduglutide in subjects with Parenteral Nutritional Dependant Short Bowel Syndrome
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date: 2004-09-30
A Monocentric Single-arm study to characterize the long-term safety, efficacy, and pharmacodynamic of GLP-2 analog (Revestive®) in the management of short bowel syndrome pediatric patients on home-parenteral nutrition (HPN)
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 4    Status: Completed
Date:
A 12-Week Pharmacokinetic, Safety, and Pharmacodynamic Study of Teduglutide in Pediatric Subjects Aged 1 Year through 17 Years, with Short Bowel Syndrome who are Dependent on Parenteral Support
CTID: null
Phase: Phase 3    Status: Completed
Date:

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