| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Stearamide does not have a single defined molecular target but exhibits multiple biological activities. As a primary fatty acid amide, it may interact with cellular membranes and modulate signaling pathways. Cellular studies indicate that stearamide can stimulate protein synthesis via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. It displays cytotoxic activity in various cell types, suggesting potential interactions with cellular membranes or specific proteins involved in cell survival. The compound also exhibits ichthytoxic activity, indicating toxicity to fish. Its ability to form adsorption layers on metal surfaces underlies its use as a corrosion inhibitor. Further research is needed to identify its precise molecular targets.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, stearamide displays cytotoxic activity in various cell types. Cellular studies indicate it can stimulate protein synthesis via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. The compound's activity is concentration-dependent, with effective concentrations typically in the micromolar range. Its cytotoxic effects have been characterized in cell-based assays, though detailed IC50 values for specific cell lines are limited in publicly available sources. Stearamide is also used as a lubricating agent in the polymer industry and as a corrosion inhibitor. Its in vitro biological activities make it a valuable tool for studying fatty acid amide biology and cellular signaling pathways.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, stearamide exhibits ichthytoxic activity, indicating toxicity to fish. Its in vivo effects in mammals have not been extensively characterized, as the compound is primarily used as an industrial chemical and research reagent rather than a therapeutic candidate. The compound's potential to stimulate protein synthesis via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway may have implications for studies of cellular metabolism and growth. However, detailed in vivo efficacy data and pharmacokinetic profiles are limited. The compound is for research use only and is not approved for human therapeutic applications.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro cytotoxicity assay for stearamide typically uses various cancer cell lines or primary cells. Cells are seeded in 96-well plates and treated with varying concentrations of stearamide (typically 1 to 100 µM) for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT, CCK-8, or CellTiter-Glo assays. IC50 values are calculated from dose-response curves using nonlinear regression. For protein synthesis studies, cells are treated with the compound and protein synthesis is measured by [³⁵S]-methionine incorporation or by using a fluorescent puromycin-based assay (e.g., SUnSET). PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation is assessed by Western blotting for phosphorylated AKT, mTOR, and downstream targets such as S6K and 4E-BP1. Positive controls (e.g., known mTOR activators) and negative controls (DMSO vehicle) are included in each assay run.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular assays, various cell lines including cancer cells and normal cells are treated with stearamide at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 µM for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays. Protein synthesis is measured using [³⁵S]-methionine incorporation or fluorescent puromycin-based assays. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation is assessed by Western blotting for phosphorylated AKT (Ser473), mTOR (Ser2448), S6K (Thr389), and 4E-BP1 (Thr37/46). Cell cycle distribution is analyzed by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. Apoptosis is quantified by Annexin V/PI staining and caspase activity assays. All experiments include appropriate controls (vehicle, known pathway modulators) and are performed in triplicate.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo ichthytoxicity studies, fish species such as zebrafish or rainbow trout are used. Stearamide is added to the water at varying concentrations (typically 0.1 to 100 mg/L), and fish mortality is monitored over 24-96 hours. The LC50 value is calculated from dose-response curves. For other in vivo studies, stearamide may be administered to rodents via oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection at doses ranging from 10 to 100 mg/kg. However, specific in vivo protocols for stearamide are not well-documented in publicly available sources. The compound's effects on protein synthesis and metabolic pathways may be assessed in tissue samples. All animal procedures should be conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of stearamide have not been extensively characterized, as it is primarily used as an industrial chemical and research reagent rather than a therapeutic agent. The compound has a molecular weight of 283.49 and is a lipophilic amide. Following oral or dermal exposure, it is expected to have moderate absorption and extensive tissue distribution due to its lipophilic nature. Metabolism is primarily hepatic, with oxidation and conjugation as major pathways. The compound is eliminated primarily via biliary and renal excretion. Due to its toxicity profile, systemic exposure is not typically targeted in research applications. Detailed PK data for stearamide are not available in publicly accessible literature.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity Summary
Identification and Uses: Stearamide (stearamide) is a solid. It is used as a corrosion inhibitor in oil wells. It is also used in food packaging, plastics, and rubber products. Human Studies: No data are available. Animal Studies: Rats (n=5 males and 5 females per group) were administered stearamide dissolved in corn oil by gavage at a dose of 10,000 mg/kg and observed for 14 days. No deaths were observed. Salmonella Typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538 were exposed to stearamide at concentrations of 50, 150, 500, 1500, or 5000 μg/plate with or without metabolic activation. Stearamide did not show mutagenicity in this study. Non-human Toxicity Values Oral LD50 in Rats: > 10,000 mg/kg The toxicology of stearamide has been partially characterized. The compound displays cytotoxic activity in various cell types, indicating potential cellular toxicity. It also exhibits ichthytoxic activity, indicating toxicity to fish. In acute toxicity studies, the compound may cause irritation to skin and eyes. Inhalation of dust may cause respiratory irritation. Chronic exposure effects have not been well-studied. The compound is not genotoxic in standard in vitro assays. Stearamide should be handled with appropriate laboratory safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment. The compound is for research use only and is not approved for human use. |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Octadecanamide is a fatty amide of stearic acid, a metabolite whose function is related to that of octadecanoic acid. It has been reported to be found in bovine bacteria, Beauveria bassiana, and other organisms with relevant data.
Stearamide is a primary fatty acid amide with cytotoxic and ichthytoxic activity. It is used as a lubricating agent in the polymer industry and as a corrosion inhibitor. Cellular studies indicate it can stimulate protein synthesis via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. The compound is not approved for human use and is intended for research purposes only. It is available as a high-purity research reagent (≥97%) for laboratory use. Its biological activities and industrial applications make it a compound of interest for studying fatty acid amide biology and cellular signaling. |
| Molecular Formula |
C18H37NO
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
283.492
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| Exact Mass |
283.288
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| CAS # |
124-26-5
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| PubChem CID |
31292
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
0.868 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
250-251 °C12 mm Hg(lit.)
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| Melting Point |
98-102 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
207.5ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
7.11E-07mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.432-1.434
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| LogP |
6.433
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
16
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| Heavy Atom Count |
20
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| Complexity |
204
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C18H37NO/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h2-17H2,1H3,(H2,19,20)
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| Chemical Name |
octadecanamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.5275 mL | 17.6373 mL | 35.2746 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7055 mL | 3.5275 mL | 7.0549 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3527 mL | 1.7637 mL | 3.5275 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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