| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Sarcophine targets glycine receptors (GlyR) as a potent inhibitor (antagonist). It has a Ki of 2.1 μM and an IC₅₀ of 3.9 μM. By inhibiting glycine receptors, sarcophine modulates inhibitory neurotransmission. The compound also inhibits proliferation and stimulates apoptosis in mouse melanoma cells. It has enzyme inhibitory activity. Sarcophine's mechanism involves the inhibition of glycine receptor-mediated chloride flux, leading to altered neuronal excitability and induction of apoptosis in cancer cells.
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| ln Vitro |
Sarcophine ((+)-Sarcophine) is a glycine receptor inhibitor that has been recombinant, and its Ki value is 2.1 μM[1]. Sarcophine (1-100 mM; 24 h) has an LD50 value of 29.3 mM, making it harmful to HEK293 cells[1].
In vitro, sarcophine is a potent glycine receptor (GlyR) inhibitor (antagonist) with a Ki of 2.1 μM. It has an IC₅₀ of 3.9 μM. Sarcophine (1-100 mM; 24 h) is cytotoxic to HEK293 cells with an LD₅₀ of 29.3 mM. It inhibits proliferation and stimulates apoptosis in mouse melanoma B₁₈F₁₀ cell line. The compound is used in cytotoxicity studies, apoptosis, and enzymology assays. Sarcophine also inhibits acetylcholinesterase and ATPase. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, sarcophine has been studied for its cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effects. As a natural product from soft coral, it has potential pharmacological applications. However, detailed in vivo efficacy data are limited. The compound is primarily used as a research tool in in vitro studies of glycine receptor function and cancer cell biology. Comprehensive in vivo studies are needed to fully characterize its therapeutic potential.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro receptor binding assays for sarcophine involve measuring its inhibition of glycine receptor (GlyR) binding. The receptor is incubated with a radiolabeled ligand and varying concentrations of sarcophine. The displacement of the radiolabeled ligand is measured, and the Ki (2.1 μM) and IC₅₀ (3.9 μM) values are calculated. The compound's functional activity as a GlyR antagonist is assessed using electrophysiological methods measuring chloride flux. These assays confirm the compound's mechanism as a GlyR inhibitor.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for sarcophine evaluate its cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effects. HEK293 cells and mouse melanoma B₁₈F₁₀ cells are cultured and treated with serial dilutions of sarcophine. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays. The LD₅₀ for HEK293 cells is 29.3 mM. Apoptosis is quantified by measuring caspase-3/7 activity or by Annexin V staining. These assays confirm the compound's cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for sarcophine have not been extensively reported. The compound is a natural product from the Red Sea soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum. For potential in vivo studies, sarcophine can be administered via intraperitoneal injection in animal models of cancer or neurological disorders. The compound's effects on tumor growth and glycine receptor function would be assessed. Comprehensive in vivo studies are needed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic (PK) data for sarcophine are limited. The compound has a molecular weight of 316.4 g/mol and is soluble in methanol and dichloromethane. It is a white to off-white solid with a purity of >97%. Comprehensive ADME studies are not available in the literature. For research use only, not for human therapeutic use.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of sarcophine has been characterized in vitro. The compound is cytotoxic to HEK293 cells with an LD₅₀ of 29.3 mM. As a research compound, it should be handled with appropriate safety precautions. The compound is for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary use. Comprehensive toxicological studies are needed.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Carnitine has reportedly been found in Sarcophyton trocheliophorum, Lobophytum, and other organisms with available data.
Sarcophine is a naturally occurring cembranoid diterpene from the Red Sea soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum. It is a potent glycine receptor inhibitor with a Ki of 2.1 μM. Sarcophine inhibits proliferation and stimulates apoptosis in mouse melanoma cells. It has enzyme inhibitory activity and is used in cytotoxicity and apoptosis studies. Sarcophine is a research tool and has not progressed to clinical trials. |
| Molecular Formula |
C20H28O3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
316.44
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| Exact Mass |
316.204
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| CAS # |
55038-27-2
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| Related CAS # |
55038-27-2;
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| PubChem CID |
6436805
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
1.08g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
472.8ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
203.5ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.536
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| LogP |
4.632
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
23
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| Complexity |
596
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
3
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| SMILES |
C/C/1=C\CC[C@]2([C@@H](O2)CC/C(=C/[C@H]3C(=C(C(=O)O3)C)CC1)/C)C
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| InChi Key |
CGAKBBMRMLAYMY-ATYDYJLJSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C20H28O3/c1-13-6-5-11-20(4)18(23-20)10-8-14(2)12-17-16(9-7-13)15(3)19(21)22-17/h6,12,17-18H,5,7-11H2,1-4H3/b13-6-,14-12+
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| Chemical Name |
(4Z,11E)-1a,5,8,12-tetramethyl-2,3,6,7,10a,13,14,14a-octahydrooxireno[2',3'
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| Synonyms |
Sarcophine Sarcophin A Sarcophin
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.1602 mL | 15.8008 mL | 31.6016 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6320 mL | 3.1602 mL | 6.3203 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3160 mL | 1.5801 mL | 3.1602 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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