| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Targets |
Sappanchalcone targets multiple cellular pathways involved in inflammation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation. It inhibits xanthine oxidase activity, thereby reducing oxidative stress. The compound blocks cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase and activates p53-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathways, including the phosphorylation of p53, activation of caspases, and increased expression of Bax. Sappanchalcone also modulates TNFα/NF-κB signaling and IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathways. Its anti-inflammatory effects are mediated through the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and the suppression of NF-κB activation.
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| ln Vitro |
Statistically significant differences were seen between the effects of sapanchalcone on HCT116 cells and SW480 cells (IC50: 37.33 μM and 54.23 μM, respectively). In human colon cancer cells, sapanchalone dramatically raises ROS levels while reducing MMP. In HCT116 cells, sapanchalcone increases the expression of Bax, activates caspase, and causes p53 to become phosphorylated [1].
In vitro, sappanchalcone exhibits potent cytotoxic activities against human tumor cells. It suppresses oral cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis through the activation of p53-dependent mitochondrial pathways as well as p38, ERK, JNK, and NF-κB signaling. Sappanchalcone reduces MMP expression with a significant increase in ROS levels in human colon cancer cells. The compound triggers phosphorylation of p53, which is involved in the activation of caspases and increased expression of Bax in HCT116 cells. Sappanchalcone also shows xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. |
| ln Vivo |
Sappanchalcone has demonstrated anti-tumor efficacy in vivo in animal models. In a S180 tumor cell-bearing mice model, the anti-tumor efficacy of the ethyl acetate extract of Lignum Sappan, which contains sappanchalcone as a major active compound, was better than the individual compounds acting alone. The compound's anti-inflammatory effects have been observed in vivo, where it can reduce clinical arthritis. Sappanchalcone's neuroprotective and cytoprotective activities have also been reported in vivo, although specific experimental details are limited.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for sappanchalcone include xanthine oxidase inhibition assays. The enzyme is incubated with xanthine substrate and varying concentrations of sappanchalcone, and the rate of uric acid production is measured spectrophotometrically. The IC50 for inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity is determined from dose-response curves. Additionally, the compound's ability to modulate NF-κB, STAT1, or STAT3 signaling can be assessed using luciferase reporter assays in cells stably transfected with responsive luciferase reporter plasmids.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for sappanchalcone are performed using various cancer cell lines, including human colon cancer HCT116 cells and oral cancer cells. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of sappanchalcone, and cell viability is measured using MTT assays. Cell cycle distribution is analyzed by flow cytometry to assess G2/M phase arrest. Apoptosis is evaluated using annexin V staining, caspase activity assays, and assessment of Bax expression. The phosphorylation of p53, p38, ERK, JNK, and NF-κB is assessed by Western blotting. MMP expression and ROS levels are also measured.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for sappanchalcone have been conducted in mouse models, including the S180 tumor cell-bearing mice model to assess anti-tumor efficacy. Mice are implanted with S180 tumor cells and treated with sappanchalcone or the ethyl acetate extract of Lignum Sappan via oral or intraperitoneal administration. Tumor growth inhibition is monitored, and endpoints include tumor volume, tumor weight, and survival. The compound's anti-inflammatory effects can be evaluated in models of arthritis, where clinical signs of inflammation are assessed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Sappanchalcone has a molecular weight of 286.28 g/mol and a molecular formula of C16H14O5. It is a yellow solid with a density of 1.369 g/cm³. The compound is stable as a powder at -20°C for up to 3 years and in solution at -80°C for up to 1 year. Detailed pharmacokinetic properties such as bioavailability, half-life, and tissue distribution have not been extensively reported in the available literature. As a natural flavonoid, sappanchalcone may have limited oral bioavailability and may require formulation optimization for systemic administration.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Sappanchalcone has been evaluated in preclinical studies and has been reported to be well-tolerated at effective doses. No significant toxicity has been reported in the available literature. As a natural product derived from Caesalpinia sappan, sappanchalcone is generally considered to have a favorable safety profile. However, comprehensive toxicology studies would be necessary to fully assess its safety for clinical development. The compound's xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity suggests potential for managing gout and related conditions.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Sappanchalcone belongs to the chalcone class of compounds. Its structure is trans-chalcone, with hydroxyl groups at the 3', 4', and 4' positions and a methoxy group at the 2' position. Isolated from Caesalpinia sappan, Sappanchalcone possesses neuroprotective and cytoprotective activities. It functions as a metabolite, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agent, and anti-allergic agent. Sappanchalcone belongs to the chalcone, catechol, and monomethoxybenzene classes, and its function is related to that of trans-chalcone. Sappanchalcone has been reported in Biancaea sappan and Biancaea decapetala, and relevant data are available.
Sappanchalcone is a natural flavonoid isolated from Caesalpinia sappan L. that exhibits neuroprotective, cytoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic activities. It functions as a xanthine oxidase inhibitor and shows potent anti-tumor activity by blocking cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase and inducing apoptosis through p53-dependent mitochondrial pathways. Sappanchalcone also modulates TNFα/NF-κB and IL-6/STAT3 signaling. It is a research compound with potential applications in cancer, inflammatory diseases, and gout. Further development is needed for clinical use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H14O5
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| Molecular Weight |
286.2794
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| Exact Mass |
286.084
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| CAS # |
94344-54-4
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| PubChem CID |
5319493
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
581.7±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
221.0±23.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.7 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.684
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| LogP |
2.51
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
21
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| Complexity |
381
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)O)C(=O)/C=C/C2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O
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| InChi Key |
JVGNTXGHBHMJDO-QHHAFSJGSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H14O5/c1-21-16-9-11(17)4-5-12(16)13(18)6-2-10-3-7-14(19)15(20)8-10/h2-9,17,19-20H,1H3/b6-2+
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| Chemical Name |
(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.4931 mL | 17.4654 mL | 34.9308 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6986 mL | 3.4931 mL | 6.9862 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3493 mL | 1.7465 mL | 3.4931 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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