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| Targets |
The molecular target of Saikosaponin H is not fully characterized, but it is classified as an "Others" target in the "Others" signaling pathway category. As a natural saponin, it is known to exert various biological activities including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor effects. Further research is needed to identify its specific molecular targets and mechanisms of action.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Saikosaponin H demonstrates inhibitory activity against Ishikawa cells (a human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line) with an IC50 of 17.21 µM. This suggests potential anti-cancer activity. The compound's inhibitory effects are likely mediated through its interactions with cellular membranes and signaling pathways, consistent with the known activities of other saikosaponins.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity data for Saikosaponin H are limited in the available literature. As a natural product isolated from traditional Chinese medicine, it is being studied for its potential therapeutic applications. The compound's anti-influenza activity has been reported, suggesting potential antiviral applications. Further in vivo studies are needed to characterize its efficacy and safety.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for Saikosaponin H are not extensively documented. As a natural saponin, its biological activity is typically assessed in cell-based assays rather than cell-free enzyme assays. The compound's ability to inhibit cell proliferation is measured using standard cytotoxicity assays such as MTT or CCK-8. These assays provide initial evidence of the compound's biological activity.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for Saikosaponin H are performed using cell lines such as Ishikawa cells. Cells are treated with increasing concentrations of the compound, and cell viability is assessed using colorimetric assays such as MTT or CCK-8. The IC50 value (17.21 µM for Ishikawa cells) is calculated from the dose-response curve. These assays characterize the compound's anti-proliferative activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experimental protocols for Saikosaponin H are not extensively documented in the available literature. As a natural product research compound, in vivo studies would typically involve administration to animal models of disease, such as inflammation or cancer models. The compound would be administered via oral or parenteral routes, and efficacy endpoints would be measured depending on the disease model.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Saikosaponin H have not been systematically characterized. The compound has a molecular weight of 927.12 and molecular formula C48H78O17. It is a natural saponin with a large glycosylated structure that may influence its absorption and bioavailability. Solubility in water is low (2.8e-3 g/L at 25°C). Further PK studies are needed.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Saikosaponin H are not extensively reported. As a natural product research compound, its safety profile has not been formally evaluated in comprehensive toxicology studies. The compound is intended for research purposes only. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
According to reports, Bupleurum contains saikosaponin H, and relevant data is available for reference.
Saikosaponin H is a natural triterpenoid saponin with CAS number 91990-63-5, molecular formula C48H78O17, and molecular weight 927.12. It is isolated from Bupleurum chinense and Radix bupleuri, a crude drug used in traditional Chinese medicine. It exhibits inhibitory activity against Ishikawa cells with an IC50 of 17.21 µM and has anti-influenza activity. |
| Molecular Formula |
C48H78O17
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
927.1227
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| Exact Mass |
926.524
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| CAS # |
91990-63-5
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| PubChem CID |
21636280
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
1.40±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
1012.1±65.0 °C
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| LogP |
0.532
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
11
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
17
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
9
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| Heavy Atom Count |
65
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| Complexity |
1790
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
23
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| SMILES |
C[C@]12[C@@]3(CC[C@H]4C(C)(C)[C@@H](O[C@H]5[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]6O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]6O)[C@@H](CO[C@H]6[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)O5)CC[C@@]4([C@H]3C=CC1=C1CC(C)(C)CC[C@@]1([C@H](C2)O)CO)C)C
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| InChi Key |
PYJMYPPFWASOJX-XMRFJGCSSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C48H78O17/c1-22-31(52)33(54)37(58)41(61-22)65-39-26(20-60-40-36(57)34(55)32(53)25(19-49)62-40)63-42(38(59)35(39)56)64-30-12-13-45(6)27(44(30,4)5)11-14-46(7)28(45)10-9-23-24-17-43(2,3)15-16-48(24,21-50)29(51)18-47(23,46)8/h9-10,22,25-42,49-59H,11-21H2,1-8H3/t22-,25+,26+,27-,28+,29-,30-,31-,32+,33+,34-,35+,36+,37+,38+,39+,40+,41-,42-,45-,46+,47+,48+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8S,8aS,14aR,14bS)-8-hydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,14a-dodecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.0786 mL | 5.3930 mL | 10.7861 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2157 mL | 1.0786 mL | 2.1572 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1079 mL | 0.5393 mL | 1.0786 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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