| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
|
||
| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Intracellular glutathione (GSH). RT-NH2 is a fluorescent probe that reacts reversibly with glutathione to monitor real-time GSH dynamics in living cells. The compound is fairly hydrophobic and cannot distribute in the nucleus, which is a hallmark of protein binding for fluorescent probes.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
RT-NH2 shows ratiometric fluorescence responses with a wide dynamic range when reacting with glutathione (GSH). The probe allows quantitative monitoring of real-time glutathione dynamics in living cells. Its amine-functionalized form provides additional conjugation capabilities for biological applications.
|
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, RT-NH2 is not typically used for systemic administration but rather as a probe in cell-based assays or ex vivo tissue imaging. The compound is designed for monitoring GSH dynamics in living cells and is widely used in redox biology and oxidative stress research.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
RT-NH2 is characterized by its fluorescence properties rather than enzymatic activity. The probe's reaction with glutathione is monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy. Ratiometric fluorescence responses are measured at specific excitation/emission wavelengths. The dynamic range and selectivity for GSH over other thiols are determined in buffer systems.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cells are loaded with RT-NH2 and incubated under various conditions to modulate GSH levels. Fluorescence is measured using flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, or microplate readers. Ratiometric imaging allows real-time monitoring of GSH dynamics. Oxidative stress is induced using agents such as H2O2 or diamide to assess probe response.
|
| Animal Protocol |
RT-NH2 is typically used in cell culture or ex vivo tissue preparations rather than systemic animal models. Cells or tissue slices are loaded with the probe, and fluorescence imaging is performed to monitor GSH dynamics under various conditions. The probe is used to study redox signaling, oxidative stress, and cellular antioxidant defenses.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
RT-NH2 has a molecular weight of 295.29 g/mol and formula C1₆H13N3O3. The compound is soluble in DMSO and formulated for cell-based assays. Its hydrophobic nature influences cellular distribution and protein binding.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicology data for RT-NH2 are not publicly available. As a fluorescent probe used in research applications, it is expected to have low toxicity at working concentrations. Standard cytotoxicity assays would be performed to determine safe concentrations for cell-based studies.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
RT-NH2 is a research probe for redox biology and oxidative stress studies. It is not clinically approved. The compound is an amine-functionalized derivative of RealThiol (RT), designed for monitoring intracellular glutathione dynamics. RT-NH2 provides a sensitive tool for studying cellular antioxidant defenses and metabolic regulation.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C16H13N3O3
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
295.2927
|
| Exact Mass |
295.095
|
| CAS # |
2321343-06-8
|
| PubChem CID |
131953035
|
| Appearance |
Pink to red solid powder
|
| LogP |
1.4
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
22
|
| Complexity |
609
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
O1C(C(/C(/[H])=C(\C#N)/C(N([H])[H])=O)=C([H])C2C([H])=C([H])C(=C([H])C1=2)N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H])=O
|
| InChi Key |
ACUFSVRPYXSWCJ-KPKJPENVSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H13N3O3/c17-9-12(15(18)20)7-11-6-10-2-3-13(19-4-1-5-19)8-14(10)22-16(11)21/h2-3,6-8H,1,4-5H2,(H2,18,20)/b12-7+
|
| Chemical Name |
(E)-3-[7-(azetidin-1-yl)-2-oxochromen-3-yl]-2-cyanoprop-2-enamide
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.3865 mL | 16.9325 mL | 33.8650 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6773 mL | 3.3865 mL | 6.7730 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3387 mL | 1.6933 mL | 3.3865 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
