| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Targets |
Rhamnopterin is a derivative of L-biopterin, which is a cofactor for aromatic amino acid hydroxylases (phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan hydroxylases) and nitric oxide synthases (NOS). As the oxidized form of BH4, it may be involved in the regulation of BH4 levels and redox balance. However, its specific biological target and mechanism of action are not fully characterized.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Rhamnopterin has been studied for its potential chemopreventive effects. Dietary administration of rhamnopterin (0.5%) concurrently with the carcinogen 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene reduces the incidence of 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-induced liver tumors in rats. It has also been used as an internal standard for the quantification of biopterin and neopterin in rat plasma by LC-MS.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Rhamnopterin has demonstrated chemopreventive effects in a rat model of liver cancer. Dietary administration of rhamnopterin (0.5%) concurrently with the carcinogen 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene reduced the incidence of liver tumors. These results suggest a potential protective effect against carcinogenesis, though the mechanism is not well understood.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for Rhamnopterin are not standard pharmacological assays. As a pteridine compound, its levels can be measured by HPLC or LC-MS. It can be used as a standard for the quantification of biopterin and neopterin in biological samples. Its chemopreventive effects can be assessed in cell-based assays using cancer cell lines, but specific protocols are not widely available.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Rhamnopterin are not widely reported. Its chemopreventive effects have been studied in animal models rather than cell culture. If performed, cells would be treated with Rhamnopterin and assessed for cell viability, proliferation, or markers of oxidative stress and DNA damage. However, specific protocols are not extensively detailed in the available literature.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Rhamnopterin were conducted in a rat model of liver cancer induced by 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene. Rats were fed a diet containing 0.5% rhamnopterin concurrently with the carcinogen. The incidence of liver tumors was assessed at the end of the study. The results showed a reduction in tumor incidence in the rhamnopterin-treated group.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Specific pharmacokinetic properties of Rhamnopterin, such as half-life and oral bioavailability, are not extensively characterized. As a pteridine derivative with a molecular weight of 267.24 g/mol, it is expected to be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed to tissues. It is used as an internal standard for LC-MS analysis of biopterins.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Rhamnopterin is generally considered to have low toxicity, as it is a naturally occurring pteridine derivative. In animal studies, dietary administration of 0.5% rhamnopterin was tolerated without significant adverse effects. As a research compound, it is intended for laboratory use only and is not for human therapeutic use. Standard safety precautions should be followed.
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| Additional Infomation |
Rhamnopterin is a derivative of L-biopterin, the oxidized form of tetrahydro-L-biopterin (BH4). It has been shown to reduce the incidence of liver tumors in rats when administered with a carcinogen. It is used as an internal standard for biopterin quantification. This product is for research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C10H13N5O4MOLECULARWEIGHT
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
267.24132
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| Exact Mass |
267.097
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| CAS # |
13392-24-0
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| PubChem CID |
135531864
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| LogP |
-3
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
19
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| Complexity |
390
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C1C=NC2NC(=NC(=O)C=2N=1)N)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
QSVZLFABRHDXRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H13N5O4/c1-3(16)6(17)7(18)4-2-12-8-5(13-4)9(19)15-10(11)14-8/h2-3,6-7,16-18H,1H3,(H3,11,12,14,15,19)
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| Chemical Name |
2-amino-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxybutyl)-3H-pteridin-4-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.7420 mL | 18.7098 mL | 37.4195 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7484 mL | 3.7420 mL | 7.4839 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3742 mL | 1.8710 mL | 3.7420 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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