| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
(rel)-β-Tocopherol targets lipid membranes and lipid peroxidation chain reactions. It acts as a chain-breaking antioxidant by donating a hydrogen atom from its phenolic hydroxyl group to lipid peroxyl radicals, thereby terminating free radical chain reactions. It also interacts with tocopherol transfer protein (TTP) for transport and distribution in the body. The compound may modulate signaling pathways involved in inflammation, apoptosis, and cell proliferation through its antioxidant effects.
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| ln Vitro |
(rel)-β-Tocopherol exhibits antioxidant activity in various in vitro assays including DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP radical scavenging assays. It protects low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from oxidation and prevents lipid peroxidation in cell membranes. The antioxidant potency of β-tocopherol is approximately 30-50% of that of α-tocopherol in most assays. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Specific IC₅₀ values are assay-dependent.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity data for β-tocopherol demonstrate its role as a vitamin E homolog with antioxidant and protective effects. It is absorbed and transported in the body, contributing to the overall vitamin E status. β-Tocopherol has been studied for its potential protective effects against cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and age-related conditions through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The non-cellular assays for (rel)-β-Tocopherol typically involve antioxidant activity evaluation using chemical assays such as DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. The compound's ability to scavenge free radicals is measured spectrophotometrically. Lipid peroxidation inhibition can be assessed using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay, where the compound's ability to prevent lipid peroxidation in liposomes or LDL is measured. The compound is incubated with oxidizing agents and the extent of oxidation is quantified.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for (rel)-β-Tocopherol typically use cell lines such as hepatocytes, fibroblasts, or neuronal cells to evaluate its antioxidant and cytoprotective effects. Cells are treated with various concentrations of β-tocopherol, followed by induction of oxidative stress using hydrogen peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, or other oxidants. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CCK-8 assays. Intracellular ROS levels are measured using fluorescent probes such as DCFH-DA. Lipid peroxidation is measured using TBARS or MDA assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for β-tocopherol are typically conducted in rodent models to study vitamin E deficiency and supplementation. Animals are fed diets with controlled vitamin E content, and β-tocopherol is administered orally. Tissue levels of tocopherols are measured by HPLC. Antioxidant status, oxidative stress markers, and clinical parameters are evaluated. β-Tocopherol is often studied alongside other vitamin E homologs to compare their relative potencies and biological effects.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of β-tocopherol are similar to other vitamin E homologs. It is absorbed in the intestine along with dietary fats and incorporated into chylomicrons. It is transported in the blood by lipoproteins and distributed to tissues. The liver preferentially secretes α-tocopherol over β-tocopherol via the tocopherol transfer protein (TTP), resulting in lower plasma and tissue levels of β-tocopherol compared to α-tocopherol. The elimination half-life is approximately 24-48 hours.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for β-tocopherol indicate that it is generally recognized as safe at dietary intake levels. High doses may cause gastrointestinal disturbances and interfere with the absorption of other fat-soluble vitamins. No significant acute toxicity has been reported. Chronic toxicity studies have not identified major adverse effects at moderate doses. The compound is considered non-genotoxic and non-carcinogenic.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
β-Tocopherol is a tocopherol in which the 5 and 8 positions of the chroman-6-ol core are replaced by methyl groups. While it is found in low amounts in many plant oils, only cottonseed oil contains significant amounts. It is both a plant metabolite and a food ingredient. It is a form of vitamin E and also a tocopherol. β-Tocopherol has been reported in perilla, soybeans, and several other organisms with relevant data. It is a natural tocopherol with lower antioxidant activity than α-Tocopherol. Its antioxidant activity is due to the phenolic hydroxyl hydrogen on its 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol core. Similar to γ-Tocopherol, it also has three methyl groups on the 6-chromanol core, but in different positions.
(rel)-β-Tocopherol is a research-grade compound intended for laboratory use. It is not approved as a pharmaceutical therapeutic agent but is a dietary nutrient. Its primary applications include studying vitamin E biology, investigating antioxidant mechanisms in health and disease, and serving as a reference standard for the analysis of tocopherols in food and biological samples. It is used in nutritional research and as a supplement in cell culture media. |
| Molecular Formula |
C28H48O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
416.6795
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| Exact Mass |
416.365
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| CAS # |
148-03-8
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| PubChem CID |
6857447
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid
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| Density |
0.9±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
516.3±49.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
< 25 °C
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| Flash Point |
204.7±24.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.4 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.495
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| LogP |
11.44
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
12
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| Heavy Atom Count |
30
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| Complexity |
475
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
3
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| SMILES |
O1C2C(C([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C(=C(C([H])([H])[H])C=2C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]1(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])O[H]
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| InChi Key |
WGVKWNUPNGFDFJ-DQCZWYHMSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C28H48O2/c1-20(2)11-8-12-21(3)13-9-14-22(4)15-10-17-28(7)18-16-25-24(6)26(29)19-23(5)27(25)30-28/h19-22,29H,8-18H2,1-7H3/t21-,22-,28-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R)-2,5,8-trimethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-ol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3999 mL | 11.9996 mL | 23.9992 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4800 mL | 2.3999 mL | 4.7998 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2400 mL | 1.2000 mL | 2.3999 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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