| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 50mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Pyrazofurin primarily targets the enzyme orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (ODCase, OMP decarboxylase), which is also known as UMP synthase. It is a potent inhibitor of this enzyme, with an IC50 ranging from 0.06 to 0.37 µM. By inhibiting ODCase, it blocks the de novo synthesis of uridine nucleotides, which are essential for RNA synthesis and cell proliferation. It has also been shown to inhibit human dyskerin.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Pyrazofurin exhibits potent antiviral, anti-malarial, and anti-trypanosomal activities. It inhibits cell proliferation and DNA synthesis by inhibiting UMP synthase. Its cytotoxicity is attributed to the depletion of uridine nucleotides, which are essential for RNA synthesis. The compound's activity against various pathogens highlights its broad-spectrum potential. Its IC50 for UMP synthase inhibition is 0.06-0.37 µM.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Pyrazofurin has shown antineoplastic and antiviral activity. However, specific in vivo data, such as its efficacy in animal models of cancer or viral infections, is not detailed in the available literature. Its use as a research tool suggests it has been studied in such models. Its potent inhibition of a key metabolic enzyme makes it a valuable compound for studying pyrimidine metabolism.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free assays for Pyrazofurin focus on its ability to inhibit its target enzyme, orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (ODCase). In a typical assay, the recombinant enzyme is incubated with its substrate, orotidine 5'-monophosphate (OMP), and varying concentrations of Pyrazofurin. The production of uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP) is measured, often using a spectrophotometric or chromatographic method. The IC50, the concentration of inhibitor that reduces the enzymatic activity by 50%, is calculated from the dose-response curve.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Pyrazofurin are performed to evaluate its cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects. Cancer cell lines are cultured and treated with varying concentrations of Pyrazofurin for a defined period (e.g., 48-72 hours). Cell viability is then measured using standard assays like MTT or resazurin reduction. The compound's ability to inhibit DNA synthesis can also be measured by incorporating radiolabeled thymidine. These assays confirm the compound's ability to inhibit cell growth in a cellular context.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for Pyrazofurin would involve models of cancer or viral infections. For cancer studies, xenograft models using immunodeficient mice implanted with human tumor cells could be used. The compound would be administered, and tumor growth would be monitored. For antiviral studies, animal models of viral infection could be used to assess the compound's efficacy. Specific protocols for Pyrazofurin are not detailed in the available literature.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic (PK) data for Pyrazofurin is not provided in the available literature. Its properties, such as oral bioavailability and half-life, would be important for its development. As a nucleoside analogue, it would likely be phosphorylated intracellularly to its active form. For storage, the compound is typically kept as a powder.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Pyrazofurin is not available in the public literature. As an antimetabolite that inhibits pyrimidine synthesis, it would be expected to have significant toxicity to rapidly dividing cells. However, no specific LD50, organ toxicity, or genotoxicity data are reported. Its use is strictly for research purposes, and it is not intended for human therapeutic use.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Pirazofurin is a C-glycoside compound with the chemical name 4-hydroxy-1H-pyrazol-5-carboxamide, in which the hydrogen at the 3-position is replaced by a β-D-furan riboside. It possesses antitumor, antimetabolite, EC 4.1.1.23 (orotate-5'-phosphate decarboxylase) inhibitor, and antibacterial activities. It is a C-glycoside compound belonging to the pyrazolium class of compounds. Its function is related to β-D-ribose. Pirazofurin has been reported in Streptomyces candidus and Streptomyces sparsogenes, with relevant data available. Pirazofurin is a nucleoside analog. It potently inhibits orotate monophosphate (OMP) decarboxylase, thereby interfering with the de novo synthesis of uridine nucleotides, leading to cytotoxicity. This drug can also rapidly deplete the pyrimidine deoxynucleotide pool, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell replication. (NCI04)
Pyrazofurin is a research-grade compound used as a tool to study pyrimidine metabolism and as a potential antiviral and anticancer agent. Its potent inhibition of ODCase makes it a valuable compound for studying the role of this enzyme in cell proliferation and for validating it as a therapeutic target. It has also been studied for its anti-malarial and anti-trypanosomal activities. It has not been approved for clinical use. All information is for research reference and not for diagnostic or clinical use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C9H13N3O6
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
259.21602
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| Exact Mass |
259.08
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| CAS # |
30868-30-5
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| PubChem CID |
135413551
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.786g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
584.397ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
307.232ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.718
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| LogP |
-2.2
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
18
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| Complexity |
329
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)C2=NNC(=C2O)C(=O)N)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
XESARGFCSKSFID-FLLFQEBCSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H13N3O6/c10-9(17)4-6(15)3(11-12-4)8-7(16)5(14)2(1-13)18-8/h2,5,7-8,13-16H,1H2,(H2,10,17)(H,11,12)/t2-,5-,7-,8+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide
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| Synonyms |
Pyrazomycin NSC-143095 NSC 143095 NSC143095
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~5 mg/mL (~19.29 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.8577 mL | 19.2886 mL | 38.5773 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7715 mL | 3.8577 mL | 7.7155 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3858 mL | 1.9289 mL | 3.8577 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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