| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Targets |
Pyclen targets the aggregation of amyloid-beta (Aβ1-40) peptides triggered by Cu²⁺ ions. It chelates metal ions, particularly copper (Cu²⁺), thereby preventing the metal-induced aggregation of Aβ peptides. It also inhibits cell death induced by oxidative stress. Its mechanism involves the chelation of metal ions that catalyze oxidative damage and protein aggregation.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, pyclen inhibits Aβ1-40 aggregation induced by Cu²⁺ ions. It can both prevent and disrupt Cu²⁺-induced Aβ1-40 aggregation. It also inhibits cell death induced by oxidative stress. These activities are measured in cell-free and cell-based assays.
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| ln Vivo |
Pyclen is not used for in vivo therapeutic applications. It is a research compound used to study metal-induced protein aggregation and oxidative stress. It is also used as a ligand for manganese (II) and other metal ions for liver-specific MRI.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro activity of pyclen as a chelator can be assessed by measuring its ability to bind to Cu²⁺ ions using spectrophotometric or potentiometric methods. Its inhibition of Aβ1-40 aggregation is measured using Thioflavin T fluorescence or other aggregation assays.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for pyclen are performed on cells subjected to oxidative stress. Its ability to inhibit cell death is measured using MTT or LDH assays. Its effects on metal-induced protein aggregation can be studied in cell models of Alzheimer's disease.
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| Animal Protocol |
Pyclen is not typically used in in vivo animal experiments as a standalone therapeutic compound. However, it may be used in research models to study the effects of metal chelation on protein aggregation and oxidative stress. Its use as an MRI contrast agent ligand would involve complexation with metal ions.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pyclen has limited pharmacokinetic data available, as it is a research tool rather than a therapeutic agent. It is typically stored as a solid at room temperature. Its solubility in water and organic solvents is known.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Pyclen is a chemical reagent and should be handled with standard laboratory precautions. It may be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Its toxicity data are limited, but as with many chelating agents, it can bind to essential metal ions in the body.
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| Additional Infomation |
Pyclen is also known as 3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1]pentadeca-1(15),11,13-triene. It is a macrocyclic ligand used in coordination chemistry and as a research tool for studying metal-induced protein aggregation. It is not an FDA-approved drug and is exclusively for research purposes.
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| Molecular Formula |
C11H18N4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
206.28742
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| Exact Mass |
206.153
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| CAS # |
78668-34-5
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| PubChem CID |
586675
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
1g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
366.5ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
175.4ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.497
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| LogP |
0.85
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
15
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| Complexity |
158
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C12=NC(=CC=C1)CNCCNCCNC2
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| InChi Key |
LNMUPMQUMCDOKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C11H18N4/c1-2-10-8-13-6-4-12-5-7-14-9-11(3-1)15-10/h1-3,12-14H,4-9H2
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| Chemical Name |
3,6,9,15-tetrazabicyclo[9.3.1]pentadeca-1(15),11,13-triene
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.8475 mL | 24.2377 mL | 48.4754 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9695 mL | 4.8475 mL | 9.6951 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4848 mL | 2.4238 mL | 4.8475 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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