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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Iron is an essential trace element for cell growth and metabolism. As a source of Fe3+ ions, this compound targets iron-dependent enzymes and processes including ribonucleotide reductase (DNA synthesis), cytochromes (electron transport chain), catalase and peroxidase (antioxidant defense), and various iron-sulfur cluster proteins.
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| ln Vitro |
In cell culture, iron(III) nitrate serves as a bioavailable iron source at concentrations of 0.05-1 mg/L. It supports cell proliferation, metabolic activity, and specific functions of iron-dependent enzymes. It is often used in serum-free and defined media formulations. The compound shows no direct biological activity beyond supplying iron.
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| ln Vivo |
Iron is crucial for in vivo hematopoiesis and oxygen transport (hemoglobin). Iron(III) nitrate is not administered directly as a therapeutic; rather, iron salts are used to treat iron deficiency anemia. In research, iron(III) nitrate is used to study iron metabolism, homeostasis, and toxicity in animal models.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Not applicable; this is a cell culture reagent, not a drug. For quality control, iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate is analyzed by titration (assay 98-101%). Heavy metal content (Pb, Cd, As) and endotoxin levels (for cell culture grade) are measured. For cell culture, the compound is dissolved in water and filter-sterilized.
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| Cell Assay |
Iron(III) nitrate is added to cell culture media (e.g., DMEM, RPMI, IMDM) at final concentrations of 0.05-1 mg/L (approximately 0.1-2.5 microM). For DMEM, the standard concentration is 0.1 mg/L (0.25 microM). For serum-free media, higher concentrations (0.5-1 mg/L) may be used. Media are filter-sterilized through 0.22 microm filters. Cells (e.g., CHO, HEK293, hybridomas) are cultured for 3-7 days. Cell density and viability are measured. Iron chelators such as desferrioxamine or bathophenanthroline disulfonate are used as controls to induce iron deficiency.
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| Animal Protocol |
For iron metabolism studies in animals, iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate is dissolved in water or saline and administered via oral gavage (10-100 mg/kg) or intraperitoneal injection (1-10 mg/kg) to rodents. Serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, and ferritin levels are measured. Tissue iron content (liver, spleen, bone marrow) is determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Erythropoiesis parameters (reticulocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC count) are monitored by complete blood count.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
After oral administration, iron is absorbed in the duodenum via DMT1 (divalent metal transporter 1). Iron is transported in plasma bound to transferrin. Excess iron is stored in the liver as ferritin and hemosiderin. The body tightly regulates iron absorption (usually 10-20% of dietary iron), with no active excretion mechanism. Iron(III) nitrate exhibits high aqueous solubility.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Iron overload can occur with excessive dosing, leading to tissue damage (hemochromatosis), oxidative stress, and organ dysfunction. Acute iron poisoning (ingestion of >20 mg/kg elemental iron) causes gastrointestinal irritation, metabolic acidosis, and multi-organ failure. Cell culture grade ensures low endotoxin (<0.1 EU/mg) and heavy metals (<0.001% Pb). Chronic iron excess is associated with liver cirrhosis, cardiomyopathy, and diabetes.
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| Additional Infomation |
Iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate is a cell culture reagent, not a drug. It is used as an iron source in chemically defined media for biopharmaceutical production (recombinant proteins, monoclonal antibodies) and cell biology research. Store at room temperature in a tightly sealed container. The compound is hygroscopic; protect from moisture. Not for human therapeutic use.
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| Molecular Formula |
FE(NO3)3.H2O
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
404.00
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| Exact Mass |
403.993
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| CAS # |
7782-61-8
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| Related CAS # |
10421-48-4;Parent
;20074-52-6;Parent
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| PubChem CID |
16211566
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| Appearance |
Pale purple to purple solid powder
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| Density |
1,68 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
125°C
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| Melting Point |
47.2 °C
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| Flash Point |
125°C
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| LogP |
0.271
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
9
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
18
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
22
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| Complexity |
18.8
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
[Fe+3].[O-][N+](=O)[O-].[O-][N+](=O)[O-].[O-][N+](=O)[O-].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H]
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| InChi Key |
SZQUEWJRBJDHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/Fe.3NO3.9H2O/c;3*2-1(3)4;;;;;;;;;/h;;;;9*1H2/q+3;3*-1;;;;;;;;;
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| Chemical Name |
iron(3+);trinitrate;nonahydrate
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| Synonyms |
Ferric nitrate nonahydrate, for cell culture
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ≥ 200 mg/mL (~495.05 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4752 mL | 12.3762 mL | 24.7525 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4950 mL | 2.4752 mL | 4.9505 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2475 mL | 1.2376 mL | 2.4752 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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