| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
(+)-C-BVDU is an antiviral compound targeting the thymidine kinase (TK) of herpes simplex virus (HSV). It is a bromovinyl deoxyuridine (BVDU) analog. Once inside virus-infected cells, the viral thymidine kinase phosphorylates (+)-C-BVDU, converting it into a triphosphate form that is a potent and selective inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase, thereby blocking viral DNA replication. Its activity is specific to HSV-1 and HSV-2.
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| ln Vitro |
Specific in vitro IC50 values for (+)-C-BVDU are not provided. As an antiviral compound, it is expected to inhibit the replication of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in cell culture. The compound is an active enantiomer, indicating that it is the isomer responsible for the antiviral activity. Its potency is likely in the nanomolar to low micromolar range, similar to other BVDU analogs.
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| ln Vivo |
Specific in vivo activity data for (+)-C-BVDU is not provided. As an antiviral compound for the study of herpes simplex virus infections type 1 and type 2, it is expected to be effective in animal models of HSV infection, such as a mouse model of HSV-1 encephalitis or a guinea pig model of HSV-2 genital herpes. The compound would likely be administered topically or systemically to reduce viral replication and lesion formation.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The antiviral activity of (+)-C-BVDU can be assessed using a cell-free viral DNA polymerase assay. Procedure: Recombinant HSV-1 or HSV-2 DNA polymerase (10 ng) is incubated with varying concentrations of (+)-C-BVDU triphosphate (the active form) (0.01-1000 nM) in assay buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 10 mM MgCl2, 1 mM DTT, 1 mM ATP). The reaction is initiated by adding a DNA template-primer and 10 uM of dNTPs (including [3H]-dTTP). After 30 minutes at 37degC, the reaction is stopped, and the incorporated radioactivity is measured. The IC50 is calculated.
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| Cell Assay |
The antiviral activity can be assessed in a plaque reduction assay. Procedure: Vero cells are seeded in 6-well plates (5x10⁵ cells/well) and infected with HSV-1 or HSV-2 at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.01 PFU/cell. After 1 hour, the virus inoculum is removed, and cells are overlaid with culture medium containing varying concentrations of (+)-C-BVDU (0.01-100 uM). After 48-72 hours of incubation at 37degC, cells are fixed and stained with crystal violet. Plaques are counted, and the IC50 is determined as the concentration reducing plaque numbers by 50% compared to the virus-only control. The selectivity index (SI) is calculated by comparing the IC50 to the CC50 (cytotoxic concentration) in uninfected Vero cells.
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| Animal Protocol |
The in vivo efficacy of (+)-C-BVDU can be evaluated in a mouse model of HSV-1 encephalitis. Procedure: Female BALB/c mice (6-8 weeks) are infected intranasally with a lethal dose of HSV-1 (e.g., 1x10⁵ PFU). Mice are randomized into groups (n=10 per group). (+)-C-BVDU is formulated in a suitable vehicle (e.g., PBS with 0.1% Tween-80) and administered orally or intraperitoneally at doses of 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, twice daily for 7 days. Survival is monitored for up to 21 days. The positive control group receives acyclovir (50 mg/kg, oral). At study endpoint, viral titers in the brain are determined by plaque assay on Vero cells.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Specific PK data for (+)-C-BVDU is not provided. As a nucleoside analog, it is expected to be absorbed and distributed, but its oral bioavailability may be limited. It is likely administered orally or intraperitoneally in animal studies. The compound is metabolized by viral and cellular kinases to its active triphosphate form. The half-life of the triphosphate in infected cells determines the duration of action.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicology data for (+)-C-BVDU is not provided. As a nucleoside analog, potential toxicities include bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal disturbances, and neurotoxicity. However, BVDU analogs are generally well-tolerated. The compound is for research use only and is not intended for human therapeutic use. Standard safety precautions for handling nucleoside analogs should be followed.
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| Additional Infomation |
(+)-C-BVDU (GR-95168) is an active antiviral compound for the study of herpes simplex virus infections type 1 and type 2. It is a bromovinyl deoxyuridine (BVDU) analog that is phosphorylated by the viral thymidine kinase and inhibits viral DNA polymerase. This product is for research use only and is not an approved drug. It appears as a solid at room temperature and is stored at -20degC.
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| Molecular Formula |
C12H15BRN2O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
331.16
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| Exact Mass |
330.022
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| CAS # |
95463-56-2
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| PubChem CID |
6479188
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
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| LogP |
0.207
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
19
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| Complexity |
449
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
3
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| SMILES |
Br/C=C/C1=CN([C@@H]2C[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C2)C(=O)NC1=O
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| InChi Key |
KAVDAMFOTJIBCK-CTNBOOGPSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H15BrN2O4/c13-2-1-7-5-15(12(19)14-11(7)18)9-3-8(6-16)10(17)4-9/h1-2,5,8-10,16-17H,3-4,6H2,(H,14,18,19)/b2-1+/t8-,9-,10+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
5-[(E)-2-bromoethenyl]-1-[(1R,3S,4R)-3-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentyl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.0197 mL | 15.0984 mL | 30.1969 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6039 mL | 3.0197 mL | 6.0394 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3020 mL | 1.5098 mL | 3.0197 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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