| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride does not target a specific pharmacological receptor. Instead, its primary mechanism of action is physicochemical, mediated by strong electrostatic interactions with negatively charged species on cell surfaces, such as heparan sulfate proteoglycans. In the context of neural cell culture, it has been shown to activate the Erk1/2 signaling pathway, which is necessary for its effects on promoting neural cell differentiation and myelin repair. As a substrate analog of acetyl-poly-L-lysine, it has been used to study substrate binding and catalysis of the NAD-dependent protein deacetylase Hst2 in non-cellular assays. It is also a potential absorption enhancer for the nasal delivery of hydrophilic macromolecular drugs.
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| ln Vitro |
The in vitro activity of Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride is primarily defined by its ability to promote cell adhesion and differentiation. It is recommended as a cell culture substratum, with a standard protocol using 0.5 mL of a 0.1 mg/mL solution to coat 25 cm2 of culture surface. It has been used successfully for the attachment and study of neural cell differentiation and outgrowth. In functional studies, basic polyamino acids including poly-L-ornithine have been shown to elicit potent relaxant responses with EC50 values ranging from 3×10-⁹ to 2×10-⁷ M in relevant biological preparations, with a direct correlation observed between molecular weight and relaxation potency.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride has been tested in an animal model of focal demyelination to assess its myelin repair capabilities. When injected into a lysolecithin-induced demyelination mouse model, the compound enhanced myelin regeneration and promoted the recovery of motor function. These neuroregenerative effects are linked to the activation of the Erk1/2 signaling pathway. Beyond neurological applications, its ability to enhance the absorption of co-administered macromolecular drugs across the nasal epithelium has been reported, suggesting a potential role as a pharmaceutical absorption enhancer in animal models. No other established therapeutic in vivo activities have been documented.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride is not typically used in traditional cell-free enzyme/receptor binding assays. However, it has been employed as a substrate analog in studies investigating protein deacetylase enzymes. A representative protocol for its use with the yeast NAD-dependent protein deacetylase Hst2 involves: (1) Preparing a reaction mixture containing purified Hst2 enzyme, a suitable buffer (e.g., 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0), and the cofactor NAD+. (2) Adding varying concentrations of acetylated Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride as the acetylated substrate. (3) Incubating the reaction at 37degC for a specified period (e.g., 30-60 minutes). (4) Stopping the reaction by adding trichloroacetic acid (TCA) to a final concentration of 5%. (5) Quantifying the released [3H]-acetate using liquid scintillation counting if a radiolabeled substrate is used, or by other analytical methods. The polymer acts as a non-specific, polycationic substrate for these enzymes.
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| Cell Assay |
The standard in vitro cellular experiment for Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride is its use as a cell culture substratum to promote cell attachment. A typical protocol: (1) Prepare a stock solution of Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride at 1 mg/mL in sterile borate buffer (pH 8.5) or deionized water. (2) Dilute the stock solution to a working concentration of 0.1 mg/mL in sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or water. (3) Add the diluted solution to the culture vessel, ensuring the entire surface is covered. Use 0.5 mL of a 0.1 mg/mL solution to coat a 25 cm2 surface. (4) Incubate the coated vessel for at least 1 hour at 37degC or overnight at 4degC. (5) Aspirate the coating solution and rinse the surface at least twice with sterile water or PBS to remove excess polymer. (6) Allow the coated vessel to air-dry in a sterile hood or use immediately. (7) Seed cells (e.g., primary neurons, astrocytes, or neural cell lines) in appropriate culture medium onto the coated surface. Cell attachment, spreading, and subsequent differentiation can then be monitored by microscopy and assayed by standard methods.
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| Animal Protocol |
A standard in vivo animal protocol for assessing the neuroregenerative effects of Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride uses a lysolecithin-induced focal demyelination model in the spinal cord or brain of mice or rats. (1) Anesthetize adult mice and create a small incision to expose the spinal cord. (2) Use a microinjection system to inject 1-2 uL of 1% lysolecithin (in sterile saline) into the white matter to induce a localized demyelinating lesion. (3) After demyelination is established (e.g., 1-2 days post-injection), inject Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride (formulated in a suitable vehicle such as sterile PBS) directly into the lesion site. (4) Allow the animals to recover for a defined period (e.g., 1 to 3 weeks). (5) Assess motor function recovery using behavioral tests such as the Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) for locomotor activity or the rotarod test. (6) At the endpoint, perfuse the animals with fixative, harvest the spinal cord, and process tissue sections for histological staining (e.g., Luxol fast blue for myelin) and immunohistochemistry to quantify myelin regeneration and cell infiltration.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Formal pharmacokinetic (PK) data for Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride (MW 15000-30000) are unavailable, as it is a research-grade polymer, not a drug candidate. Its high molecular weight (15,000-30,000 Da) and polycationic nature suggest that it would be poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Upon direct injection into tissues or systemic circulation, the polymer is likely to have a prolonged half-life due to its size and might accumulate in the reticuloendothelial system (RES). It is typically prepared as a stock solution in sterile water or borate buffer (pH 8.5) and diluted to working concentrations (e.g., 0.1 mg/mL) in PBS or culture media. The powder should be stored at -20degC, protected from moisture, and is stable for extended periods. Once in solution, it is stable for several months when stored at 4degC, but repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride is generally considered a low-toxicity biochemical reagent. According to an MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) for the polymer, it is not considered a hazardous substance under OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200, with an NFPA Health rating of 1, indicating that exposure would cause minor irritation. However, a 1962 study titled "The toxic effect of poly-L-ornithine in microbial and tissue culture systems" indicates that cytotoxic effects can be observed at high concentrations, likely due to membrane disruption by the polycationic polymer. As with all research chemicals, standard laboratory safety practices, including the use of gloves and eye protection, should be followed. It is intended for research use only, not for human therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Poly-L-ornithine hydrochloride is a synthetic polycationic polymer of the amino acid L-ornithine, with the hydrochloride salt form ensuring water solubility. As a research-grade tool, it is invaluable for a range of applications, from creating cell culture substrata to investigating drug absorption and promoting myelin repair. Its polycationic nature allows it to interact effectively with negatively charged cell surfaces, making it a versatile tool. For coating applications, it has been used successfully for the attachment and study of neural cell differentiation and outgrowth. The polymer is also known to boost nasal absorption of hydrophilic macromolecular drugs, highlighting a potential role in drug delivery systems. It is not an FDA-approved drug and has no clinical trial history.
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| Molecular Formula |
(C5H12N2O2)N.XCLH
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| Molecular Weight |
15000-30000
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| CAS # |
26982-21-8
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| Appearance |
Solid powder ; White to off-white
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| LogP |
1.34
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| Synonyms |
L-Ornithine homopolymer hydrochloride (MW 15000-30000)
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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