| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Poly-D-lysine does not target biological receptors. Its primary function is as a cell adhesion substrate. The positively charged polymer interacts electrostatically with negatively charged cell surface components, including proteoglycans and the cell membrane, promoting cell attachment and spreading. It is a synthetic polymer that does not bind to specific receptors but rather provides a favorable surface for cell adhesion through charge-charge interactions.
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| ln Vitro |
Rabbits only become immunogenic to low doses of poly-D-lysine injections[1].
Approximately 0.8 μg/mL, or 50 nM, of Poly-D-lysine (PDL) is required to reduce the quantity of PrPres by 50%[2]. In vitro, poly-D-lysine hydrobromide (MW 70000-150000) is used as a coating for plates used in culturing rat glial precursor cells and other cell types. It is one of the most widely used substrates in neural cell culture. The polymer promotes cell adhesion by facilitating interaction between the negatively charged ions of the cell membrane and the culture surface. It is a nonspecific attachment factor for cells. It is also used for culturing various primary cells and neuronal cells. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, poly-D-lysine is not typically administered as a therapeutic agent. It is a biomaterial used for cell culture applications and tissue engineering scaffolds. When used as a coating for implantable devices or scaffolds, it can promote cell attachment and tissue integration. However, it is primarily used in vitro and ex vivo. Its positively charged nature may cause mild inflammation if implanted, and its biodegradability is limited.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro non-cellular binding assays for poly-D-lysine typically involve coating assays. A common protocol is: (1) prepare a poly-D-lysine solution at 0.01-0.1 mg/mL in sterile water or PBS; (2) coat microtiter plates or coverslips by adding the solution and incubating at room temperature for 1-2 hours or at 4°C overnight; (3) wash the coated surfaces with sterile water or PBS; (4) dry the coated surfaces; (5) add test proteins, DNA, or other molecules to assess binding; (6) incubate to allow binding; (7) wash away unbound material; and (8) detect bound material using appropriate assays.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays with poly-D-lysine typically involve: (1) preparing a poly-D-lysine solution at 0.01-0.1 mg/mL in sterile water or PBS; (2) coating tissue culture plates or coverslips by adding the solution and incubating at room temperature for 1-2 hours; (3) washing the coated surfaces with sterile water or PBS and allowing to dry; (4) seeding cells at appropriate density in culture medium; (5) incubating at 37°C in a CO₂ incubator; (6) assessing cell attachment, morphology, and proliferation using microscopy or viability assays; and (7) comparing results to uncoated controls to evaluate the effectiveness of the coating.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with poly-D-lysine are typically conducted in the context of tissue engineering or implant studies. A common protocol is: (1) prepare poly-D-lysine-coated scaffolds or implants; (2) implant the material subcutaneously or at a specific site in animals (e.g., mice, rats); (3) monitor animals for biocompatibility and tissue integration; (4) harvest tissues at defined time points (e.g., 1, 4, 12 weeks); (5) evaluate cell infiltration and tissue formation by histology; (6) assess inflammatory response by immunohistochemistry; and (7) compare to uncoated controls.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties are not applicable as poly-D-lysine is a biomaterial used for cell culture and tissue engineering rather than a systemically administered drug. It is not absorbed or distributed in the body. When used as a coating, it remains at the site of application. The polymer is positively charged and soluble in water. The HBr salt allows the poly-D-lysine to be a crystalline solid and soluble in water.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of poly-D-lysine depends on molecular weight and concentration. High molecular weight poly-D-lysine (70,000-150,000 Da) can be cytotoxic at high concentrations due to its strong positive charge, which can disrupt cell membranes. However, at typical coating concentrations (0.01-0.1 mg/mL), it is well-tolerated by most cell types. The compound is for research use only and is not intended for human therapeutic use without further development. Standard laboratory safety practices should be followed.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
This compound is also known as PDL HBr or D-lysine homopolymer hydrobromide. The molecular weight range is 70,000-150,000 Da. There is approximately one HBr per lysine residue, and the HBr salt allows the poly-D-lysine to be a crystalline solid and soluble in water. It is one of the most widely used substrates in neural cell culture. This product is not a drug and has no clinical trial or regulatory approval status.
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| Molecular Formula |
(C6H14N2O2)X.XHBR
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
30000-70000
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| CAS # |
27964-99-4
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| Appearance |
White to yellow;solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
343.7±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
161.7±0.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.0 mmHg at 25°C
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| LogP |
0
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| SMILES |
C(CCN)C[C@H](C(=O)O)N.Br
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ≥ 50 mg/mL
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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